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Influence of Maternal Antibody on Newcastle Disease Vaccination in Broiler

Md. Jaber
Upazila Livestock Officer
Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh.

Nasrin Sultana
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Shamim
Veterinary Surgeon, Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh

M.S. Uddin
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Monsorul Amin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The investigation was conducted to determine the persistence of MDA in broiler chicks and examine its influence on vaccination programme against Newcastle Disease. For this, a total of 40 day-old chicks with a history of vaccination of parents belonging to Hubbard classic breed were purchased from the local agent at Mymensingh of Kazi Farms Ltd, Dhaka. Birds were divided into 3 (three) groups such as A, B, and C. Group A consisting of 10 birds were vaccinated with F strain, known popularly as BCRDV, and those of Group B was administered with La Sota strain (Cevac New L, ACI Animal Health, Dhaka) while 20 chicks belonging to Group C were kept as unvaccinated control. The chicks were inoculated at four (4) days of age with recommended dose of manufacturer via eye-drop (intra conjunctival) instillation. Prevaccinal sera samples were collected from five (5) randomly selected birds bled on the day of vaccination. All the birds were provided with Gumboro (Infectious Bursal Disease) live vaccine (ACI-Cevac Gumbo L) via eye-drop at 11 days after hatch. Post vaccinal as well as control (unvaccinated) sera were obtained from blood samples collected from five (5) randomly selected birds of all the groups on days 4, 7, 12, 17 DPV when the birds were 8, 11, 16, and 21 days old. Sera samples obtained were subjected to the HI test. The birds of group C (unvaccinated control) were again divided into three (3) groups such as D and E consisting of 8 birds each while group C had four (4) chicks. On 21 days age of birds, group A and D were vaccinated with F strain, group B and E with La Sota strain while group C was kept as unvaccinated control (as it was). Sera samples were collected from five (5) randomly selected birds of all the groups on 10 DPV and 16 DPV when the birds were 31 and 37 days old respectively and their HI titers were determined. It was observed that the GM titer of HI antibody of the unvaccinated control birds (Group C) ranged from 139.28 at 4 days of age to 52.78 at the age of 16. Primary vaccination with F (Group A) and La Sota (Group B) resulted in the elucidation of HI titers to the levels of 105.56 and 160 respectively during which the GM of the control group was as low as 20. It was further observed that vaccination after depletion of MAB on all the groups had an impetuous production of HI titers of 183.79 in both groups A and B and 211.12 in both groups D and E. It is concluded that maternal antibody passed over to broiler chicks from their parents is high and protective for the bird until 16 days of age. Birds primarily vaccinated with F and La Sota strains had positive effect to rise of HI during their age through which MAB is retained particularly up to 21 days of age. Broiler chicks vaccinated on depletion of MAB either primarily or secondarily with F or La Sota strains showed impetuous production of HI titers. La Sota vaccine was found to provide better immunizing effects in some occasion. Broiler chicks possessing MAB may be immunized against ND when they are 11 to 16 days old.

Keywords: Maternal antibody, Newcastle virus vaccination, Broiler.

Location: Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases, Broiler

Objectives:

To detect the period of persistence of maternally derived antibody (MDA) in broiler chicks, the influence of MDA on ND disease vaccination in broiler birds.

Methodology:

The study was carried out in the experimental sheds of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene while those Laboratory tests were conducted in the Virology Laboratory of the same Department. HA antigen: Newcastle disease virus (F Strain) was propagated in the virology laboratory, the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, B.A.U by inoculating embryonated chicken eggs of 9-12 days old through allantoic sac route. Following incubation at 37°c for 3 days, the eggs were transferred to the refrigerator at 4-8°c for 2-3 hours and then allantoic fluid was collected with a sterile syringe and needle maintaining strict aseptic measures. The fluid was tested for any contamination by transferring 1-2 drops on to Nutrient agar slant and put to 37°c in an incubator. The AF was also tested for the presence of ND by performing a slide HA test. A locally produced F-strain vaccine prepared by the Directorate of Livestock Service (DLS) known as Baby Chick Ranikhet Disease Vaccine (BCRDV) and vaccine of LaSota strain manufactured and marketed as Ceva New by CEVA Phylaxia, ACI Laboratories Limited and were purchased from the market. These live vaccines were stored at –20°c and were used according to the instruction of the manufacturer via the intra-ocular (i/o), (Eye-drop) route. A total number of 40 one-day-old chicks of Hubbard Classic breed with the history of vaccination of parent stock against ND were purchased from the Kazi Farm. Sales center Mymensingh and carried to the experimental houses of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh. The birds were brooded as recommended and with food and water adlibitum while maintaining strict biosecurity measures. The investigation was conducted to determine the persistence of maternally derived antibodies in broiler chicks and examine its influence on vaccination programmes against ND. For this, a total of 40 day-old chicks with a history of vaccination of parents belonging to Hubbard classic breed were purchased from the local agent at Mymensingh of Kazi Farms Ltd, Dhaka. Birds were divided into 3 (three) groups such as A, B, and C. Of these, group A consisting of 10 birds were vaccinated with F strain, known popularly as BCRDV, and those of Group B was administered with La Sota strain, (Cevac New L, ACI Animal Health, Dhaka) while 20 chicks belonging to Group C were kept as unvaccinated control. The chicks were inoculated at four (4) days of age with a recommended dose of the manufacturer via eye-drop (Intra conjunctival) instillation. Prevaccinal sera samples were collected from five (5) randomly selected birds bled on the day of vaccination. All the birds were provided with Gumboro (IBD) live vaccine (ACI-Cevac Gumbo L) via eye-drop at 11 days after hatch. Post vaccinal as well as control (unvaccinated) sera were obtained from blood samples collected from five (5) randomly selected birds of all the groups on days 4, 7, 12, 17 days of post-vaccination (DPV) when the birds were 8, 11, 16 and 21 days old. Sera samples obtained were subjected to the HI test. Following this, the birds of group C (unvaccinated control) were divided into three (3) groups such as D and E consisting of 8 birds each while group C had four (4) chicks. On 21 days age of birds, group A and D were vaccinated with F strain, group B and E with La Sota strain while group C was kept as unvaccinated control (as it was). Sera samples were collected from five (5) randomly selected birds of all the groups on 10 DPV and 16 DPV when the birds were 31 and 37 days old respectively and their HI titers were determined. The result of the HI titer indicating the persistence of MAB in chicks and its influence on birds having inoculated with ND vaccines are described in the relevant section of this thesis earmarked for. The data were analyzed using a computerized statistical program (MS Excel and SPSS, Version- 7.5). The HI titers were analyzed by T-test to determine the protective capacity of vaccinated chicks.

Source of Information: International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2015, 2(5): 95-102

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Thus it may be concluded that maternal antibody passed over to broiler chicks from their parents is high and protective for the bird until 16 days of age. Birds primarily vaccinated with F and La Sota had a positive effect on the rise of HI antibody during their age through which MAB is retained particularly up to 21 days of age. Broiler chicks vaccinated on depletion of MAB either primarily or secondarily with F or La Sota showed impetuous production of HI titers. La Sota vaccine was found to have provided a better immunizing effect on some occasions. It is suggested that broiler chicks from parents with known vaccination history may be immunized to prevent ND when they are 11 to 16 days old.

Knowledge Management: Journal