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Genetic Variability Analysis of Different Yield Contributing Characters of Cultivated T. Aman Rice (oryza Sativa) Varieties

A. K. M. H. Rahman
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

Md. Monirul Islam
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Md. Kawsar Alam Nadim
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Sayed Eshtiak Akter
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

S. M. Abdul Alim
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202

Md. Mahmud Al Noor
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

For any crop establishment research, it is compulsory to evaluate yield-related characters with a yield to determine the advancement of the subsisting best crop varieties. A field trial was carried out at the Genetics and Plant Breeding research farm at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to assess yield and yield controlling characteristics for examining their variableness and varietal representation during Aman season. The experiment was disbursed with an RCBD design with three replications. Variation due to genotypic coefficient was the maximum for grain yield/plant (53.20) succeeded by 50% flowering expressed in days (43.25), the weight of 1000 seed (40.09), maturity expressed in days (33.05), plant height (32.41), and panicle number per plant (32.34). The coefficient of variation due to phenotype was the highest for the unfilled grain’s number (85.45) accompanied by grain’s yield (64.38), number of panicles per plant (47.49), 50% flowering expressed in days (46.52), the weight of 1000 seed (41.31) and plant height (39.89). Maximum heritability was found at the weight of 1000 seeds (94.16), 50% flowering time (86.02 days), maturity expressed in days (85.68), and plant height (66.02). Considering the character association and variability analysis, filled grain’s number, the weight of 1000 seed, unfilled grain’s number/panicle, panicle/plant, and plant height are essential to yield components in rice. Emphasis should be given on these characters' select genotypes for the next breeding program to enhance yield in transplanted Aman rice.

Keywords: Genetic advance, Heritability, Genotypic variance, Co-efficient of variance

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University's Genetics and Plant Breeding

Start Date: 00-07-2015

End Date: 00-12-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: T. Aman

Objectives:

To determine the variations in genotypes at T. Aman rice varieties for their yield and yield controlling characteristics.

Methodology:

From July to December 2015, the experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University's Genetics and Plant Breeding experimental field laboratory and agricultural farm in Mymensingh. For this analysis, ten different rice varieties were used. Four rice varieties (Binadhan-7, Binadhan-10, Binadhan-11, Binadhan-12) were gathered from the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) in Mymensingh and six rice varieties (BRRIdhan51, BRRIdhan52, BRRIdhan55, BRRIdhan56, BRRIdhan62, BRRIdhan64) were gathered from the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) in Gazipur. The seedbed was created by puddling soil from the field surface to 5-10 cm above it. On the 31st of June, 2015, each of the ten genotypes was grown in a different seedbed. Twenty-five-day-old seedlings, one per hill, were transplanted to the main plot. The plot was 3 meters by 0.75 meters in size. The distances between rows and plants were calculated to be 25 cm and 20 cm, respectively. Different genotypes reach maturity at different times. Harvesting was completed when 90 percent of each plot's plant population achieved maturity. For each replication, data for the selected traits were collected on ten randomly chosen plants of each genotype. Time to 50% flowering, maturity (days), plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle/plant, fertile grain/panicle, unfertile grain/panicle, the weight of 1000 grain, and yield/plant were all considered. The statistical analysis was focused on yield and associated traits data collected from ten rice landraces. Analysis of variance was done for all the characters under study using the mean values Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed for all the characters to test the difference between the mean of genotypes following. Mean, range, coefficient of variance (CV), phenotypic variance (d2p), genotypic variance (d2g), Genetic Advance (GA), and Genetic Advance as a percent of the mean (%GA) was estimated using the MSTAT computer program.

Source of Information: J. Biosci. Agric. Res. 27(01): 2258-2266, 2021

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.18801/jbar.270121.275

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was found that all the traits exhibited high heritability except unfilled grains number/panicle. Calculation of genetic advance in mean percentage was maximum for the characters, 50% flowering expressed in days, maturity expressed in days, seed weight of 1000 seed, and yield. Plant height, panicle number/plant, and filled grain/panicle exhibited medium and panicle length and unfilled grain/panicle exhibited low genetic advance in mean percentage. Greater heritability and maximum genetic advance in mean percentage were found for 50% flowering expressed in days, maturity expressed in days, plant height, seed weight of 1000 seed, and yield. As a result, these characteristics will be suitable for selection. Selection of the above-mentioned traits based on our findings could be used in future breeding programs to produce high-yielding, short-duration rice varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal