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Morpho-biochemical Characteristics of Brinjal Germplasms Affect the Abundance and Infestation of Jassid

F. Yasmin
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.R. Amin
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Afroz
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.A.H. Swapon
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.M. Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The tropical vegetable, brinjal is cultivated throughout the year in Bangladesh but the crop is infested by a number of insects including jassid. This study investigated the effects of different biophysical and biochemical characteristics of twelve brinjal germplasms on the abundance and infestation of jassid. The experiment was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019 in Gazipur, Bangladesh with twelve brinjal germplasms namely BD-7320, BD-7328, BD-9952, BD-10154, BD-10158, BARI Begun-1, BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-5, BARI Begun- 6, BARI Begun-7, BARI Begun-8 and BARI Begun-9. The incidence of jassid was recorded from 3rd December to 26th March, and the lowest population was found on BARI Begun- 6. Among the biophysical traits, plant height, number of branches and leaves per plant, and leaf area exerted significant positive correlation; whereas trichome on lower and upper surfaces of the leaf, spine per stem and leaf showed significant negative correlation with the abundance of jassid. On the other hand, moisture, reducing sugar, total sugar and protein content of the leaves and fruits, chlorophyll content of the leaves exerts significant positive correlation but ash and pH contents of the leaves and fruits were negatively correlated with the abundance of jassid. Jassids showed the lowest level of leaf infestation on BARI Begun-6, which could be for further analysis to develop jassid-resistant brinjal.

Keywords: Germplasm, Resistance, Brinjal, Jassid

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-09-2018

End Date: 00-03-2019

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Brinjal, Insects

Objectives:

To know the effects of different biophysical and bio-chemical characteristics of twelve brinjal germplasm in relation to the abundance and infestation of jassid on them.

Methodology:

The study was conducted with twelve brinjal germplasms namely BARI Begun- 1, BARI Begun- 4, BARI Begun- 5, BARI Begun- 6, BARI Begun- 7, BARI Begun- 8, BARI Begun- 9, BD- 7320, BD- 7328, BD- 9952, BD- 10154 and BD-10158. The seeds of the germplasm were collected from the Horticulture Research Center, Gazipur, Bangladesh and cultivated from September 2018 to March 2019 in the experimental plots of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted on 14^th November 2018 in 3.0 m × 3.0 m plots following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Every plot contained 15 plants each apart from 60 cm. Fertilizers were applied according to Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG, 2018) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (N = 40, P = 12.5, K = 30 and S = 5 kg ha^-1, respectively, and cow dung 5 ton ha^-1). All the required intercultural operations except insect management were done whenever necessary. Data were collected from five randomly selected plants of each germplasm at weekly intervals. The number of jassid was recorded from the top leaf of each plant. The number of leaves, branches and spines of the plants were recorded and plant heights were measured. The selected leaves of the plants were collected and brought to the laboratory and the leaf area was measured using a digital leaf area measuring machine (LI-3100C Area Meter, China). The number of spines of the leaves was counted in necked eyes and the numbers of trichomes of the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces from a portion of one cm² for each sample were observed under a stereomicroscope (BOE3200, BOECO, Germany). At every inspection, the number of total leaves and the number of infested leaves of the selected plants were counted, and the infestation level was calculated in percentage. The phytochemical contents in the leaves and fruits of the selected plants were estimated. The moisture content of the leaf and fruit was determined through the oven-drying method. Reducing sugar and total sugar content of leaf and fruit of each germplasm were estimated using Bertrand’s method (Kumar et al., 2011). The nitrogen content of the leaf was estimated using the Micro Kjeldahl method (Maehre et al., 2018). Each of the values was then multiplied by 6.25 to get the percentage of protein. Content of Chlorophyll of leaf was estimated using the procedure explained by Gagoi and Basumatary (2018). The ash content of leaf samples was estimated on a wet basis using Muffle Furnace (Nielsen, 2010). A digital pH meter was used to determine the pH of the samples (Sharma and Rao, 2013). Proline content of leaf was determined with Colorimetric Assay (Abraham et al., 2010). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was employed to determine the abundance and infestation of jassid during the study. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for determining the mean abundance and infestation. The mean values were separated according to Tukey HSD posthoc test. Correlation coefficients were applied to determine the relationship of the abundance of jassid with plant bio- physiological traits. All the analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 20.0.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 81-91 (2021)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v19i1.54780

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the study revealed significant variations in the abundance and infestation of jassid on twelve germplasms of brinjal and showed that the germplasm BARI Begun- 6 had the lowest abundance and infestation. The result can be utilized by the plant breeders for the development of the jassid-resistant brinjal variety.

Knowledge Management: Journal