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Genetic and Phenotypic Performance of Three Coat Color Variants of Black Bengal Goat in a Closed Nucleus Flock at BLRI

SMJ Hossain
Corresponding author:
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341

MF Afroz
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341

MA Habib
Dairy Development Research Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341

MFH Miraz
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341

MA Jalil
Goat and Sheep Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the comparative performance of three coat color variants of Black Bengal Goat. The research was conducted under a semi-intensive management system and data were analyzed statistically with R packages and VCE animal model. Irrespective of sex, color type (CT), litter type (LT), kidding parity (KP) and kidding season (KS), overall mean values of birth (BWT), one (1MWT), three (3MWT), six (6MWT) month body weight, growth rate at 0 to 3 (GR_0-3) and 3 to 6 (GR_3-6) month were 1.14±0.02, 3.52±0.09, 7.24±0.18, 11.64±0.41kg, 58.02±2.02 and 48.80±2.83g/d, respectively. CT had p<0.05 effect on 3MWTand 6MWTand p<0.001 on GR_0-3, Whereas LT had on BWT p<0.001 and 6MWT p<0.05 effect. Sex, KP and KS had no significant effect on all body weight (BW) traits. Irrespective of CT and KP, overall mean values of age at puberty (AP), age at first kidding (AFK), number of services per conception (NSPC), litter size (LS), post-partum heat period (PPHP) and kidding interval (KI) were 215.5±15.6 d, 374.5±20.0 d, 1.25±0.05 no., 2.37±0.09 no., 43.3±4.01 d and 210.6±7.34 d, respectively. CT had no significant effect on all reproductive traits (RT). KP had p<0.001 effects on LS. The BW and GR traits exhibited medium h² estimates ranging from 0.463 to 0.493. All RT showed low estimates of h2 ranging from 0.002 to 0.159, except that of AP (0.490). The strengths of r_g _andr_p correlations among BW and GR traits were medium to strong (p<0.01) with a positive direction among most pairs of traits. The r_g _andr_p correlations between 6MWT and AP existed to be significantly (p<0.05) medium strength -52.0% and- 39.4%. On the other hand, correlations between 6MWT and LS appeared to be significantly (p<0.05) medium strength +46.1% and +46.9%. The r_g _andr_p between AP and LS was very low. rg among BW traits indicate that selection of animal-based on BWT may have very little chance of improvement for other traits as rg and rp between BWT with weights at other ages are low. However, due to the strongly positive rg between 3MWT and 6MWT, the early selection at 3MWT could be helpful for breeding purposes in future genetic improvement programs.

Keywords: Color goat, Growth, Phenotypic performance, Genetic parameter

Location: In Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

To develop pure-line goat genotypes based on coat color variants and phenotypic characterization of different coat color goat genotype.

Methodology:

The research was conducted at the Pachutia goat shed maintained at Biotechnology Division of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. Topography and Climatic Condition of the Study Areas: BLRI is located at a distance of about 28 km to the northwest of Dhaka city and lies between 23.8583º North latitude to 90.2667º East longitude. Savar's climate is classified as tropical. In winter, there is much less rainfall than in summer. The climate here is classified as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger system. The average temperature in Savar is 25.8°C. Precipitation here averages 1990 mm(climate-data.org). The land of the Savarupazila is composed of alluvium soil of the Pleistocene period. The height of the land gradually increases from east to the west. The southern part of the Upazila is composed of the alluvium soil of the Bangshi and Dhalashwari rivers. Feeding and Management: The goats were semi-intensively managed in the research farm of BLRI. Stall feeding was the main feature of feeding through limited grazing from 7 a.m. to 12 noon daily. They were fed two times at 7 to 8 a.m. and 3 to 4 p.m. concentrate (wheat bran, crushed wheat, maize broken, soybean meal, tail oil cake, black gram bran, kheshari bran, DCP and salt) was supplied at 1% of the bodyweight of the animals. Green grasses were supplied ad lib. PPR vaccines were applied two times a year with interval of six months. Deworming was done at a regular interval. All the goats were bred by bucks with similar coat color and pattern of BBG. Type of Goats and Data: Three coat color variants of BBG such as, Solid white (SW), Dutch belt (DB) and Toggenburg (TB). The following phenotypic traits included both productive and reproductive traits were considered in this study such as birth weight (BWT), one-month body weight (1MWT), three-month body weight (3MWT), six-month body weight (6MWT), growth rate at 0 to 3 month (GR0-3) and 3 to 6 month (GR3-6), age at puberty (AP)(d), age at first kidding (AFK)(d). number of services per conception (NSPC)(no.), litter size (LS)(no.), post-partum heat period (PPHP)(d) and kidding interval (KI)(d). Statistical Model and Data Analyses: The animals were of different color genotypes, generation, sex, parity and ages. There was much hierarchy in the dataset. So, design of the experiment was non-orthogonal factorial in nature. General linear model was applied while analyzing data statistically performed with R packages VCE animal model. The difference between means was statistically significant at ≤5% variation. Mean comparison was performed with Tukey’s HSD test of “R’ packages and VCE animal model.

Source of Information: Glob. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. May, 2020

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results as obtained in this study show that body weight and growth rate of three coat color variants of Black Bengal goat performed almost similar. However, reproductive performance varied among color types. As coat color variation has no effect on the performance of BBG, its effect may be ignored in the evaluation of BBG in Bangladesh under same management condition. As a result, an attempt made to develop and conserve different color varieties of goat for the satisfaction of consumer’s preferences. Coat color is also an identity of a specific breed’s character. However, people have a fascination on color phenotype of animals. The medium heritability estimates of body weights indicated that there is a good opportunity for genetic improvement of this trait in a selection scheme. However, due to strongly positive genetic correlation between 3MWT and 6MWT, early selection at 3MWT could be helpful for breeding purpose in future genetic improvement program. The heritability estimates of reproductive traits as obtained in this study confirm that unlike age at puberty, genetic improvement through selection based on NSPC, LS and KI may not be possible as environmental factors are more dominant than genetic influence on those traits. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among studied traits imply that there is no genetic antagonism between most pairs of traits, which could be helpful for genetic improvement for multiple traits.

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