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A Study on the Growth and Yield of Exotic Mungbean in a Coastal Saline Soil with Different Fertilizer Doses

M.R. Bhuiyan*
Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh

M. Shamsuddin
Soil Resource Development Institute, 116 South Central Road, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh

S.T. Kumar
Soil Resource Development Institute, 116 South Central Road, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh

N.M. Jahangir
Soil Resource Development Institute, 116 South Central Road, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The coastal area of Bangladesh lying in the southern deltaic zones of the country covers about 3.2 million hectares. About 0.833 million hectares of land in the coast is affected by varying degrees of salinity. Major limitations of saline soils are high salinity of soil, river and ground water; ionic and osmotic imbalance; low to very low soil fertility and scarcity of quality irrigation water during drought season. A field experiment was conducted in the coastal saline soil of the Khulna district. The area is mostly under monocropped local T. aman practices having cropping sequence of Fallow-Fallow-T. aman. Topsoil, river, pond and ground water salinity in this area ranges from 3.8-13.8, 1.35-14.9, 2.6-6.7 and 3.5-8.3 dS/m respectively during January to May. At the advent of summer, the topsoil initiates the cracking and extends to a few cm during the peak period both horizontally and vertically. Soil is incapable of retaining irrigation or rainwater as per crop demand at the beginning of the season. Frequent irrigation with pond water increases the germination (>20%) of exotic BINA Mung-2. BINA Mung-2 can exist at soil salinity (ECe) of 6.5-9.8 dS/m and with irrigated water (ECw) of 3.0-4.8 dS/m up to 45 days after sowing during drought period. Soil test based fertilizer dose responded better growth and yield than other recommended doses.

Keywords: Coastal area; Saline soil; Exotic Mungbean; Kharif-1; BINA Mung-2

Location: Salinity Management Research Centre (SMRC) of Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), Batiaghata, Khulna

Start Date: 00-03-1999

End Date: 00-05-1999

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

An experiment was undertaken to fulfill the following objectives: (i) to find out the adaptability of the exotic Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) as a salt tolerant variety at slightly to moderately saline soil conditions during Kharif-1; (ii) to observe the germination, growth and yield performance of this variety locally at different salinity level and (iii) to determine the optimum fertilizer dose for this variety.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at Salinity Management Research Centre (SMRC) of Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), Batiaghata, Khulna during Kharif-1 (March-May), 1999. The experimental field with its surrounding area is mostly under monocrop practices, having cropping sequence of Fallow-Fallow-T. aman (local) (SRDI, 1997). The topsoil salinity range from 3.8 to 13.8 dS/m during January to May (SRDI, 1997), having a few mm thick salt encrustation on the topsoil during drought period. The ground water and adjacent river water salinity range from 3.5 to 8.3 and 1.35 to 14.9 dS/m, respectively, during the same period (SRDI, 1999). At the advent of summer, the topsoil begins to crack and tends to increase gradually to a few centimeters during the peak period both horizontally and vertically. The soil become unable to retain the irrigation or rainwater as per crop demand at the beginning of the season.

Followed by complete randomised block design with 3 replications, the experiment was laid out in an area of 399 sq.m. Each block consisted of 3 plots and individual plot size was 6m X 5m at a distance of 40 cm from row to row. The distance was 1m and 0.5m to the adjacent block and neighboring plot respectively. The 3 selected treatments were soil test based fertilizer dose-F1 (N-P-K-S-Zn: 15-50-40-0-0 kg/ha), Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) recommended fertilizer dose-F2 (N-P-K-S-Zn: 25-35-45-0-0 kg/ha) and no fertilizer (control)-F3 was used in the experiment. Exotic BINA Mung-2 (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) variety was taken as an index crop (V1). To achieve 0.50 t/ha yield, the experiment was laid out on 03.03.1999 and the crop was harvested during 13.05.99 to 16.05.99 depending on the maturity and ripening. Topsoil samples were collected for chemical analysis. Full amount of all fertilizers were incorporated by broadcasting during final land preparation. Intercultural operations and insecticide (Malatheon-57) was applied duly. Using hand spray, the plot was irrigated (to moist level) frequently by pond water (ECw 3.0-4.8 dS/m) up to 45 days after sowing for hastening the germination as well as to limit the severe detrimental effect of high soil salinity.

Salinity and other physico-chemical properties of soils were determined in the laboratory. Rate of germination and growth at different stages were recorded at 15 days interval and yield data were calculated after harvesting.

Source of Information: Khulna University Studies 2(1): 101-105

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

BINA Mung-2 responded better yield with soil test based fertilizer dose and can exist in slightly to moderately saline soils in Kharif-1 at soil salinity of 6.5-9.8 dS/m with any surface or subsurface water irrigation even 3.0-4.8 dS/m of salinity during drought period. More research is required for database information and further recommendation.

Knowledge Management: Journal