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Effects of Tillage and Residue Retention on the Performance of Mustard in Mustard-mungbean-t.aman Rice of Northwest Bangladesh (2018--2019)

M. A. ISLAM
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

M.O. ALI
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

R. ZAMAN
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

D. SARKER
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

R. U. CHOUDHURY
Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Performance of mustard under three tillage treatments such as conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT) and strip planting (SP) and two levels of residue retention-high residue (HR) and low residue retention (LR) was evaluated in a rice-based system of Bangladesh. The field experiment was initiated in November 2015 and continuing for a long-term period at Pulses Research Centre Ishurdi, Pabna and Pulses Research sub-station, Joydebpur, Gazipur. The cropping sequence lentil-mung bean-t.aman was practicing since commencing of the experiment at Ishurdi, Pabna. However, the cropping sequence was changed to mustard-mungbean-t.aman in 2018-19. In the present report, only the Crop numbers 10 (mustard) of 2018-19 are presenting. The results showed that the application of SP and NT resulted in a higher number of plant populations and plant height which may lead to an increased grain yield of lentil by 11.4 % and 6.6 % over CT. This short-medium-term effect was positive towards conservation agriculture over the CT system from the beginning of the experiment. Now nutrient management in the CA system warrants further research.

Keywords: Strip planting, Conventional tillage, Mustard, Mungbean

Location: Pulses Research Centre and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2019

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Mustard, Mungbean, Rice

Objectives:

An experiment of mustard-mungbean-t.aman has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of CA on the performance of mustard in the rice-based systems of northern Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A field experiment was initiated at Pulses Research Centre and Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna started with lentil in November (the cool dry season) in 2015, followed by mungbean sown in the pre-monsoon season (March-June) then rice established in the monsoon season (July- October) in 2016. This rotation was continuing in the last three years both at Ishurdi. However, the rotation has been changed the cropping sequence was changed to mustard-mungbean-T.aman in 2018-19. In this report, we are only presenting the data of Crop 10 i.e. mustard in the rotation. In 2018-19, the mustard crop (var. BARI Sharisha 17) was sown on 14-15 November and harvested in the first week of March at Ishurdi. The experiment included four replicates for each treatment in a split-plot design. The main plots consist of three types of tillage — strip planting (SP), no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Two levels of crop residue - high (HR) and low residue (LR) retention were assigned in the sub-plots. However, only the residue of the previous rice crop was not retained (harvested from ground level to make them equal) as the rice crop was not grown properly due to water scarcity. The dimensions of the main plots were 16 m X 16 m and the sub-plots were 16 m x 8 m at Ishurdi. The soil was sandy loam having soil pH 7.5. The fertilizers were applied @ 90-27-40-10-1-1 kg NPKSZnB/ha as a source of DAP, TSP, MP, Gypsum, Zinc Sulphate and Boric Acid for the mustard crop (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, 2018). The seeds were sown maintaining a line spacing of 20 cm for mustard. The seed rate of mustard was used 7.5 kg/ha. Glyphosate @ 15 mL/L water was applied two days before sowing to control the weed. One hand weeding was done at 25 days after sowing (DAS) for controlling the weed. Two times irrigation (one at just after sowing and the other at 59 DAS) were applied. Rovral @ 2 g/L was sprayed two times at 71 DAS for controlling the fungal disease of mustard. Tafgor @ 2ml/L was applied at 74 DAS for controlling lentil aphid. Data on yield contributing characters were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants of each plot and the grain yield was recorded from the central area of four square meters of the plot and converted to tones per hectare (t/ha). The GenStat 17th Edition and R-software package were used for all statistical analyses. The mean differences between treatments were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) at P≤ 0.05 for the measured variables.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2018-2019, Pulses Research Centre, RARS, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant population/m² at harvest was significantly affected by tillage treatments. The highest plant population counted in SP (35.6), followed by NT (31.5) while the lowest plant population counted in CT (28.8). The plant height was also significantly affected by tillage systems. The tallest plants counted in SP (97.4) followed by NT (96.7) while the shortest plants in CT (91.4) and NT (41). The branches/plant and siliqua/plant were not significantly affected either by tillage or by different levels of residue retention. Also, the seeds/pod and 1000-seed weight were not influenced either by tillage or by different levels of residue retention. The grain yield of mustard with SP and NT were11.4 % and 6.6 % higher, respectively than that of under CT. The straw yield was not influenced by tillage and different levels of residue retention It can be concluded that practicing SP and NT over 4 years resulted in a significant (11.4-6.6 %) yield increase of mustard over farmer practices at Ishurdi. The higher plant population might be contributed to increasing grain yield of mustard in SP and NT than CT. The yield benefits towards CA over CT system were found in short to medium term period, this could provide an indication of the direction of changes for the longer-term period. However, further research on nutrient management of CA system is urgently necessary for increasing the adoption of CA in rice-based systems.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings