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The Aerodynamic Performance of the Water Pumping Wind Turbine for Bangladesh

SULTAN AHMED
Farm Machinery and Post-Harvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

MUHAMAD QUAMRUL ISLAM
Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In order to examine the feasibility of wind energy for water pumping in Bangladesh, an experimental investigation of performance characteristics of horizontal axis wind turbines has been conducted. Wind characteristics of various regions of Bangladesh have been analysed and hence a compatible design of horizontal axis wind turbine applicable to the pump has been suggested. The wind data collected by the meteorological department of Bangladesh for a period 16 years of 20 stations at different heights between Sm and 10m have been converted to 20m hub-height using power law. From these data monthly average speeds have been calculated. It is observed that for few regions of Bangladesh, there Is reasonable wind speed available throughout the year to extract useful power. Considering a particular prospective region of Bangladesh a wind turbine has been designed for water pumping, The design Incorporates the generalized procedure for determination of rotor and pump sizes. Thus It can be also used for any other region as well. In this paper, a generalized design for Bangladesh, a nomogram and an empirical relation have been developed for the rotor and the pump size for a particular region of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Aerodynamic performance, Horizontal axis wind turbine, Nomogram

Location: Different regions of Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Pump

Objectives:

To investigate the application of wind energy for water pumping and electricity generation in different regions of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

In Bangladesh, the meteorological department, collects 3 hourly wind speed data with the help of vertical axis cup type anemometers. These wind data for the period 1981-1996 of 20 stations were taken and monthly average speeds were computed for all the 20 stations. In this analysis, the average wind speed at 20 m height is determined from the power law (1), taking the value of power exponent, a = 0.28. The wind power per unit area of approach is proportional to the cube of wind speed and can be expressed as PIA = 0.6V3(watts), where,PIA is in W/m² and V is in m/s. The available wind power represents the strength of wind and theoretically 59% of this power may be extracted but in reality at maximum 45% of this power can be extracted approximately. Practically, extractable power by any type of windmill can be written approximately as, Pe = 0.1 AV3 (watt), where A is the total swept area of the rotor blades and V is wind speed (m/s). Theoretical available power of different locations at 20 meter height in Bangladesh. The extracted power per square meter of swept area for different months for 20 locations in Bangladesh. It can be seen that wind energy can be used in the months of March, April and May for irrigation purposes. The wind data at other locations also show similar strength of wind energy. The installation of wind power machines at the coastal and island areas will be useful for lifting water and for generation of electricity. Thc performance test of the model was carried out in an open circuit subsonic wind tunnel with an outlet test section of (490mm x 490mm) cross-section. The central longitudinal axis of the wind tunnel was maintained at a constant height from the floor. Average wind tunnel air velocity was measured directly by an electrical anemometer, which was placed in front of the rotor blades at different locations and average velocity was measured directly. Non- contact electrical tachometer was used to measure the speed of' the model wind turbine at different loading. The hub was designed to give zero coning angle and it permitted variation of blade pitch several degrees above and below the nominal setting. The hub and the blades of the model were manufactured from plastic and aluminium, respectively. Before starting of the experiment, a strain gauge was calibrated by dead weight method. The calibration factors obtained from the loading tests were used to convert the transducer reading into engineering unit. Two wires from the strain gauge were connected to the transducer and the outputs were recorded.

Source of Information: Meharan University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology, Volume 23, No.1, January 2004, ISSN 0254-7821

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In general, winds are available in Bangladesh during the monsoon and one to two months before and after the monsoon. In some regions at a 20 meter height, the wind speed range is from 6.0 m/s-9.0 m/s almost throughout the year, which is prospective for extraction of power. A nomogram and an empirical relationship to design the rotor size of a horizontal axis wind turbine and corresponding pump size have been developed for Patenga. The same design procedure can be applied for any other prospective wind regime.

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