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Integrated Nutrient Management for Yield Maximization of Garlic

M S Zaman
Principal Scientific Officer
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Mymensingh

M A Hashem
Professor
Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

M Jahiruddin
Professor
Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

M A Rahim
Professor
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The investigation was conducted from November 2007 to March 2008 to determine a suitable combination of chemical fertilizer and organic manure for yield maximization of garlic. There were ten fertilizer treatment as T₁:100 % optimum fertilizer dose (OFD) of N₁₅₂P₆₀ K₁₂₆ S₄₄ Mg_11.5 Zn₄ B_1.36, T₂ : 50% OFD (N₇₆P₃₀K₆₃S₂₂ Mg_5.75 Zn₂B_0.68), T₃ : T₂ + 10 t CD ha^-1, T₄ : T₂ + 15 t CD ha^-1, T₅ : T₂ + 2 t PM ha^-1, T₆ : T₂ + 3 t PM ha^-1, T₇ : T₂ + 1 t MOC ha^-1 ,T₈ : T₂ + 2 t MOC ha^-1, T₉ : Farmers’ practice (FP) (N75 P0 K52 S15 DAP300 kg ha^-1 + cowdung 12 t ha^-1) and T₁₀ : Control treatment ( No fertilizers and manures). Yield potentiality of two garlic varieties BARI Rasun-1 and Jamalpur local were evaluated with these treatments. Treatments were distributed in factorial RCB design with three replications. An optimum fertilizer dose of N152P60K126S44Mg11.5Zn4B1.36 and two levels of cowdung (10 and 15 t/ha^-1) poultry manure (2 and 3 t ha^-1) and mustard oilcake (1 and 2 t/ha^-1) were used in the study. Results revealed that BARI Rasun-1 performed better and it produced 10.9% higher yield over Jamalpur local. BARI Rasun-1 gave the highest bulb yield (7.83 t ha^-1) with T6 treatment (50% optimum dose of chemical fertilizer plus 3t PM ha^-1) and the lowest yield (4.03 t ha^-1) was obtained in control treatment receiving no fertilizer and manure. The yield benefit for T6 treatment over control and 100% OFD (T1) were 48.5 and 8.56%, respectively. This finding indicated that 50% of the OFD with 3 t PM ha^-1 may compensate the requirement of 50% chemical fertilizers. Maximum marginal benefit cost ratio, MBCR (10.6), the highest gross return (Tk. 2, 74,050) and gross margin (Tk. 2,61,529) were obtained in same treatment T₆.

Keywords: Nutrient, Yield, Garlic

Location: Jamalpur district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-11-2007

End Date: 31-03-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Garlic

Objectives:

a) To determine an optimal combination of fertilizer and manure for yield maximization of garlic, and

b) To evaluate the integrated use of organic manures viz. cowdung, poultry manure and mustard oilcake with chemical fertilizers on the yield of garlic bulb.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out from November 2007 to March 2008 in Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain soil (AZE: 9) of BARI Regional Station Jamalpur. The soil of the experimental field is silt loam. The analytical values of the soil have been presented in Table 1. Two garlic varieties BARI Rasun-1 (v1) and Jamalpur local (v2) were used as test crop. There were ten treatment combinations of fertilizers and manures as T₁:100 % optimum fertilizer dose (OFD) of N₁₅₂P₆₀ K₁₂₆.S₄₄ Mg_11.5 Zn₄ B_1.36, T₂ : 50% of the OFD (N₇₆P₃₀K₆₃S₂₂ Mg_5.75 Zn₂B _0.68), T₃ : T₂ + 10 t CD ha^-1, T₄ : T₂ + 15 t CD ha^-1, T5 : T₂ + 2 t PM ha^-1, T6 : T₂ + 3 t PM ha^-1, T₇ : T₂ + 1 t MOC ha^-1 ,T8 : T₂ + 2 t MOC ha^-1, T₉ : Farmers’ practice (FP) (N75 P0 K52 S15 DAP300 kg ha^-1 + cowdung 12 t ha^-1), T₁₀ : Control treatment ( No fertilizer and manure). The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block design with three replications. Two levels of cowdung (10 and 15 t/ha^-1), poultry manure (2 and 3 t/ha^-1) and mustard oilcake (1 and 2 t/ha^-1) was used in the experiment. There were 60 unit plots each measuring 2m × 1.5m. Well-decomposed cowdung, poultry manure (PM) and mustard oil cake (MOC) were applied to the plots 15 days before planting cloves. Fertilizers such as urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum, magnesium oxide (MgO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and boric acid were used as sources of N, P, K, S, Mg, Zn and B, respectively. Full amount of TSP, gypsum, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and boric acid and 50% each of urea, muriate of potash and DAP were applied at planting. The rest 50% urea, muriate of potash and DAP were applied as top dressed in two equal installments at 30 and 50 days after planting. Intercultural operations like weeding and mulching were done whenever necessary and to pulverize the soil for better aeration and bulb development. Plants were irrigated as and when required. Plant protection measures like disease control have been done through spraying Rovral/ Ridomil at 15 days interval to prevent the purple blotch disease. Data on plant height, leaf number, length and diameter of bulb, single bulb weight and plot wise bulb yield were recorded. Plant height and leaf number per plant were recorded at 20-day interval starting from 30 days after emergence of seedling and it was continued up to 110 days. Bulbs were harvested on 30 March 2008. Both initial and post harvest soil as well as plant sample (plant and bulb) were analyzed following standard methods. The collected data were analyzed using MSTATC program. The significance of difference between pair of means was tested by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% levels of probability. A partial budget was estimated following the equation as outlined. MBCR = (Gross income of treatment – Gross income of control) / (Gross cost of production (treatment) – Gross cost of production (control)).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 15 (1 &2): 223-230 (2011), ISSN 1029 - 8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Depending on the yield, gross margin and MBCR values, the fertilizer package N₇₆P₃₀K₆₃S₂₂Mg_5.75Zn₄B_0.68ha^-1 along with 3t poultry manure ha^-1 may be recommended for the production of garlic in Old Brahmputra Flood Plain soil under Jamalpur region, Bangladesh and similar environment else where.

Knowledge Management: Journal