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Assessment of Self-incompatibility in Some Improved and Traditional Cultivars of Oleiferous Brassica Rapa L.

M. A. Zilani Chowdhury
SSO
Oilseed Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Khaleque Mian
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. Ali Akbar
PSO (Retd.)
Oilseed Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Based on the seed set ratio, levels of self-incompatibility in the genotypes varied from 8.9 to 90.1 percent. The genotypes Tori-7, M-27, Din-2, Din-7, Com-5, OTBC-0293, and Bhawani showed high levels of self-incompatibility. Ten genotypes including variety TS-72 showed intermediate level of self-incompatibility. Based on the number of pollen tubes in the style, the cultivars Dhali and Sampad were grouped as self-compatible, while the genotypes PT-303, PT-30, OTBC-20, OTBC-58, OTBC-0394, NK-1, FRD-1, and Com-5 were intermediate. The other genotypes were classed as self-incompatible. Considering seed set analysis and pollen tube growth behavior study, six genotypes, namely Tori-7, M-27, Din-2, Din-7, Bhawani, and OTBC-0293 demonstrated high level of self-incompatibility. There was also success on bud pollination for producing SI seeds in those lines.

Keywords: Turnip rape, Brassica rapa, Self-incompatibility

Location: Oilseed Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date: 13-11-1998

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To assess the level of self- incompatibility in cultivars/ genotypes of Brassica rapa L.

Methodology:

The seeds of 23 Brassica rapa L. genotypes were collected from Oilseed Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur and also from different regions of Bangladesh. Seeds of 23 genotypes were sown in the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur on 13 November 1998. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 120:80:60:40:4 kg/ha of N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, and Zn, respectively. Three rows plot of 3m long for each genotype constituted the experimental plot. Plant spacing within the rows was maintained by thinning after 15 days seedling emergence. The row spacing was 30 em having plant spacing 20 cm within the row. Plot to plot distance was 1.25 m. Two methods were used for measuring self-incompatibility, I) Seed set analysis method and II) Pollen germination and pollen tube growth method. Seed set analysis was used to identify the self-incompatibility mechanism. Hand pollination was used in this experiment. To determine the incompatibility of Brassica rapa L., selfing was done to compare the difference of fertility between flowering stage and bud stage. Two flower stalks from each plant were selected for this test. The floral stalks where first blooming initiated at the bottom were chosen. Then, all the bloomed flowers were removed and the buds were covered with paper bags. Two days after bagging, more than 15 open flowers were selfed by means of fresh pollen from a different flower of the same stalk or from the same flower. While bud selfing (around 15 buds) were done using pollen from open flowers of the same stalk, which was bagged previously. The remaining small buds at the tip were removed. Since the determination of the level of self-incompatibility is difficult, it is simplified by utilizing the 'seed set ratio'. The number of seeds obtained from 45 randomly selected open selfs as well as bud selfs of each genotype was recorded at harvest and the seed set ratio of the genotype was determined seed set ratio, self-incompatible, nearly self-incompatible, intermediate and self-compatible. Fluorescence microscopy was employed to test the self-incompatibility mechanism by observing pollen germination on the stigma and pollen tube growth in the style of each genotype. Three types of pollination viz., bud self, bloom self, and cross pollination were done on these cultivars/genotypes. Forty five flowers were pollinated in each treatment. Cross pollination was done by using pollen from M-27 (BARI Sarisha-9), while M-27 was crossed with PT -303 (BARI Sarisha-12) as male parent. The pollinated flowers were removed from the plants after 24 hours of pollination. Pistils were fixed in acetic alcohol (1:3 v/v) for 24 hours and transferred into 70 percent ethanol. The pistils were placed in 4N NaOH at room temperature (32-34°C) for about 40-45 minutes for softening the tissues, washed thoroughly and then stained for about one hour with 0.1 percent aniline blue containing tri-potassium orthophosphate following the method described. The samples were smeared on glass slide and observed under fluorescence microscope. The number of germinated pollen grains per stigma and number of pollen tubes in the styler region were recorded. Considering bloom self, pollination were scored as compatible where pollen germination were abundant and more than 10 pollen tubes were observed as entering the stigmatic papilla after 24 hours of pollination; as incompatible where less than 4 pollen tubes were seen entering the papilla, and as intermediate where 5-10 pollen tubes were observed entering the stigma. Considering mean pollen tubes calculated from bloom self and bud self, pollination were scored as compatible where more than 16 pollen tubes were observed as entering the stigmatic papilla after 24 hours of pollination; as incompatible where less than 8 pollen tubes were seen entering the stigma, and as intermediate where 8-16 pollen tubes were observed entering the stigma.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(2) : 235-246, June 2007 ISSN 0258 - 7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering seed set analysis and pollen tube growth behavior study, six genotypes, namely Tori-7, M-27, Din-2, Din-7, Bhawani, and OTBC-0293 demonstrated high level of self-incompatibility. There was also success on bud pollination for producing SI seeds in those lines.

Knowledge Management: Journal