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Rescue of Amritsagar Banana from Extinction Through Biotechnological Approaches (2016-2017)

S. Islam
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

D. Khanam
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M.R. Kabir
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Amin
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A.Y. Akhond

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted with a view to collection, in vitro propagation of Amritsagar banana variety and to prevent the extinction of the variety by reintroducing its cultivation at farmers’ level. Amritsagar banana was collected from different location of the country such as Mymensingh, Gazipur, Norshingdi, Sylhet etc. and mother orchard has been established at research field of Biotechnology division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur. Amritsagar banana collected from Gafargaon and Kapashia were compared with each other by following the standard descriptor for banana (Musa spp.). This comparison demonstrates that Amritsagar banana (Kapashia) is more superior to Amritsagar banana (Gafargaon) in respect of fruit length, diameter, weight, total fruit number and bunch weight. Shoot tips of Amritsagar banana (Gafargaon & Kapashia) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP. Five treatments were tested for this study. Among the treatments, maximum no. of shoots was observed in T₃ treatment in both lines. Well-developed shoots were transferred into ½ MS medium supplemented with different conc. of IBA for root induction. Five different treatments were (T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄) tested and maximum numbers of longest roots were observed in both lines in treatment T₃. The plantlets were transferred into the poly bag containing soil and cowdung mixture.

Keywords: Banana, Fruit, Banana variety, Amritsagar banana, Cowdung, Fertilizer, Poly bags, Banana plants

Location: Different location of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2016

End Date: 00-00-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

To collection, in vitro propagation of Amritsagar banana variety and to prevent the extinction of the variety by reintroducing its cultivation at farmers’ level

Methodology:

Banana variety Amritsagar was collected from growing at different location of Bangladesh. Among them Amritsagar banana collected from Goforgaon and Kapashia were selected for taking morphological data and for in vitro propagation preliminary according to its performance. In this experiment Descriptor for Banana (Musa spp.) recommended by International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP), International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) and Centre for International Cooperation in Agronomic Research for Development (CIRAD) was used to describe the morphological features of different Banana varieties and to make a comparison between them. In this experiment Small sucker of Amritsagar banana were carefully removed from banana plants showing no virus symptoms. The explants were prepared by removing the outer layers of tissue from suckers with a clean and sharp knife. The pale white tissue blocks (10×15 mm) containing shoot tip and rhizomatous bases were surface sterilized with Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG for 5 min. to remove the fungal contamination. Then shoot tips were washed with Trix and detergent for 10 min. After then shoot tips were sterilized with few drops of Tween 20 in addition with 40% Sodium Hypoclorite>5.25% (clorox) aqueous solution for 15 min. followed by five times washing with sterile distilled water. The dead tissue of sterilized block was cut off to leave a 5 × 8 mm portion containing and intact apex and one or more pairs of leaf primordia together with 3-4 mm of rhizomatious bases. The prepared explants were placed on MS medium supplemented with five conc. of BAP. All cultures were incubated at 25 ± 10⁰C with a 16 h photoperiod (2000 lux) provided by cool white fluorescent tubes. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.8. The regenerated shoots were cultured in rooting medium containing half MS supplemented with different conc. of IBA for root induction. After root initiation the plantlets were transferred into poly bags containing soil and cowdung (1:1) and kept in net house.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2016-2017, Biotechnology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Morphological comparison between Amritsagar (Kapashia) and Amritsagar (Goforgaon) is presented. This comparison demonstrates that Amritsagar banana (Kapashia) is more superior than Amritsagar banana(Goforgaon) in respect of fruit length, diameter, weight and total fruit number, bunch weight.

Effect of different conc. of BAP for shoot multiplication and elongation: Shoot tips of Amritsagar Banana (Goforgaon and Kapashia) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with five different conc. of BAP with control. Table 1 showed that in case of Amritsagor Banana (Goforgaon),maximum no. of shoots were observed in T₃(24.5) and 2^nd highest was in T₂ (22.0) and minimum was in T₁ (18). Longest shoots were observed in T₃treatment (7.9cm). In case of Amritsagor Banana (Kapashia) maximum no of shoots were also observed in T₃ (22.5) and 2^nd highest was in T₂(20.0). The highest shoot length was found in T₃(7.5cm). Control treatment did not produce any shoot in both lines.

Effect of different conc. of IBA for root induction and elongation of Amritsagar Banana (Goforgaon): Well developed elongated shoots were cultured on ½ strength MS medium supplemented with different conc. of IBA. Highest no. of elongated roots of Goforgaon line was observed in treatment T₃ (27 and 14.5cm). Similar result was observed in T₃ (22 and 10cm) in Kapashia line. Minimum no. of roots (13, 10) and shortest roots (8.4 cm, 7.0cm) was recorded in T₁treatment in both lines. The plantlets thus developed were hardened and transferred into the soil.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings