Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Effects of Ethanol Extracts of Mango Leaves

M. R. Islam
Pharmacologist, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)

M. A. Mannan
Microbiologist, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU)

M. H. B. Kabir
Microbiologist, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU)

A. Islam
Conservation Medicine Programme, Ecohealth Alliance 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001, USA

K. J. Olival
Conservation Medicine Programme, Ecohealth Alliance 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001, USA

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal properties of ethanol leave extract of Mangifera indica. For evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, acetic acid induced writhing response model and carrageenan induced paw edema model were used in Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats, respectively. In both cases, leaves extract were administered and the obtained effects were compared with commercially available analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, Diclofenac Sodium. In analgesic bioassay, oral administration of the ethanol leaves extract significantly (P<0.01) reduced the writhing response. The degree of inhibition of leaves extract was 55.8% compared to the effect of standard analgesic drug, Diclofenac Sodium (75.28%). On the other hand, though leaves extract reduce paw edema but they did not show any significant effect. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of leaves extract also carried out by disc diffusion technique and poisoned food technique. In antibacterial experiment, leaves extract showed 7.0 mm to 11.5 mm in diameter of zone of inhibition against six Gram positive bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus vulgaricus) and two Gram negative bacteria (such as Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonei ). But Salmonella typhi and Proteus sp had negative activity on leaves extract. The leaves extract of Mangifera indica showed antifungal activity against three fungal species (such as Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus ochraceus).

Keywords: Mangifera indica, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal

Location: Pharmacologist, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

The present research has been designed to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of leaves extract of Mangifera indica (Mango) available in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Sample collection The leaves of Mangifera indica was collected from Barisal, Chittagong and Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. The plant was taxonomically identified by a Taxonomist, Industrial Botany Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Chittagong. All the research work was carried out according to the guidelines of Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC), BCSIR. Preparation of plant extract The fresh leaves of Mangifera indica were washed with water immediately after collection. The collected leaves were chopped into small pieces, air dried at room temperature for about 10 days and ground into powder form and stored in an airtight container. 650 gm powder was macerated in 5 litre pure methanol for 7 days at room temperature with occasional stirring. After 7 days, methanol extract was filtered off through cotton plug and finally with a Whatman no. 1 filter paper. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure below 50º C temperature through rotatory vacoum evaporator. The concentrated extracts were collected in a Petri dish and allowed it to air dry for complete evaporation of methanol. The whole process was repeated three times and finally, 45 gm, 50 gm and 55 gm greenish colored concentrated leaves extract was obtained (yield 5.3 % w/w) which was kept in refrigerator at 4º C. Experimental animals and diets Swiss albino mice of both sexes weighing between 25 gm and 30 gm and Wistar Albino rats of either sex weighing between 150 gm and 200 gm were taken from animal house of BCSIR laboratories, Chittagong. The animals were acclimatized to room temperature (28±5°C) with a relative humidity of 55 ± 5 % in a standard wire meshed plastic cages for 4 to 5 days prior to commencement of the experiment. During the entire period of study the animals were supplied with standard pellet diet and adlibitum water. Screening of analgesic activity of plant extract Acetic acid induced writhing test model as described by Koster et al. (1959) was performed to evaluate the antinocipeptive activities of Mangifera indica leaves extracts. 1 % (v/v) acetic acid solution, 2 mg/ml Diclofenac Sodium, 200 mg/ml Mangifera indica, and fifteen (15) Swiss Albino mice with average body weight of 25 gm to 30 gm and 3 months of age in both sexes were taken during experiment. Finally, percentage (%) analgesic activity was calculated. Antimicrobial screening a) Test organisms 10 bacteria and 4 fungi were used as test organisms to screen the anti-microbial activity of leaves extracts. 6 were Gram positive and 4 were Gram negative among the 10 bacteria. Bacterial and fungal cultures were collected from Nutrition and Food Science Institute of Dhaka University. b) Antibacterial activity Disc diffusion methods The disc diffusion technique (Bauer et al, 1996) is a widely accepted in vitro investigation for primary screening of agents which may possess any antibacterial activity. It is a qualitative or quantitative test indicating the sensitivity or resistance of the microorganism to the test materials. Mueller-Hinton agar media was considered to be the best for routine susceptibility testing of non-fastidious bacteria. c) Antifungal activity Poisoned food methods The poisoned food technique (Grover and Moore, 1962) was used to screen the anti-fungal activity of the herbal products. Potato dextrose agar was used as a culture medium. The percentage inhibition of mycelial growth of the test fungus was calculated. Statistical analysis The results were presented as the Mean ± SEM (Standard Error) and statistical significance between the groups was determined by means of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by unpaired Student’s t-test to determine statistical significance. SPSS for WINDOWS@TM was applied for analysis of data. Probability (P) value of 0.05 or less (P≤0.05) was considered as significant.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 239–244, 2010 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In a word, the resistance of the various types of organisms increased due to indiscriminate use of commercial anti-microbial drugs (WHO, 2002). This situation forced the researchers to search the new anti-microbial substances from different sources including medicinal plant and leaves extract of Mangifera indica might be considered as effective herbal drugs against pain, inflammation, bacterial infection and some fungal infection. Further investigation was required for isolation, identification and characterization of different active compounds of leaves extract, their mode of action and therapeutic ranges.

Knowledge Management: Journal