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Genetic Variability, Heritability, Correlation and Path Analyses of Yield Components in Traditional Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Landraces

Setu Rani Saha
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Lutful Hassan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The presence of sufficient genetic variability, the knowledge of the nature of association among different characters and the relative contribution of different characters to yield is a prerequisite to any breeding programme. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters of thirteen yield and yield attributing traits in 40 landraces of rice with a view to select better yield attributes in rice. The higher value of the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) compared to the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the studied traits indicated that there was an influence on the environment. The number of unfilled grains per panicle exhibited high estimates of PCV and GCV followed by a number of filled grains per panicle, the number of grains per panicle, flag leaf area. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed in flag leaf area, pollen fertility, a number of grains per panicle and number of filled grains per panicle which reflected that the direct selection of these characters based on phenotypic expression by simple selection method for yield improvement would be more reliable. Grain yield per plant showed a significant and positive association with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf area, number of total tillers per hill, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle indicating selection of these characters for yield improvement may be rewarding. Both at a phenotypic and genotypic level, days to 50% flowering, flag leaf area, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 100 seed weight had a direct positive effect on yield per plant indicating their importance during selection in the yield improvement program. Moreover, the information generated from this study can be exploited in future rice breeding programs.

Keywords: Landraces, Genetic variability, Heritability, Correlation, Path coefficient analysis

Location: Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to gather some useful information on genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, character association and path coefficient analysis in a set of 40 rice landraces to be used as suitable breeding materials for developing high-yielding rice inbreeds and hybrids.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted at the field laboratory of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh with 40 rice landraces collected from Mymensingh and Sylhet divisions of Bangladesh. The seedbed was prepared by raising the soil from the field surface to 5-10 cm above and then puddling. All the 40 genotypes were sown separately in seedbed on 17th July, 2017. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted to the main plot with one seedling per hill. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plot size was 1 meter × 1 meter. Row to row and plant to plant distances were maintained as 20 cm and 15 cm, respectively. Maturity occurs in different genotypes at different times. When the 90% of the plant population of each plot reached maturity, then harvesting was done. Data were recorded on five randomly chosen plants of each genotype for each replication for the selected traits. The traits under consideration were days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf area, plant height, number of total tillers per hill, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, 100 seed weight, and grain yield per plant. The statistical analysis was carried out on the data recorded from 40 rice landraces for yield and its attributing characters. Statistical analysis BASICA software was used to perform correlation coefficient and path co-efficient analysis and different genetic parameters such as genotypic and phenotypic variance, GCV and PCV, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as a percentage of mean were estimated by using the formula.

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(1): 26–32, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i1.40659

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In a nut cover, the studied landraces of rice have the potential for incorporating certain important and valuable traits. Estimation of genetic parameters, correlation analysis and path coefficient analysis revealed that the flag leaf area, number of effective tillers per hill, pollen fertility and number of grains per panicle were the most reliable traits for yield improvement in rice. So the utmost importance should be given to these characters during the selection for yield improvement in rice.

Knowledge Management: Journal