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Soil Test Based with Additional Nutrients Increased the Fertility and Productivity of Wheat-mungbean-t. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern in the High Ganges River Floodplain Soils of Bangladesh

Shilpi Das*
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Mohsin Ali
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Habibur Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mahbubur Rahman Khan
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Akbar Hossain*
Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BWMRI), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Ayman EL Sabagh
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33156 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

Celaleddin Barutcular
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Turkey

Hakk' Akdeniz
I-d-r University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Field Crops, I-d-r, Turkey

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Wheat-mungbean-T. Aman rice (W-M-R) is one of the most dominant cropping patterns in the High Ganges River Floodplain Soils (HGR; AEZ-11) of Bangladesh. However, the average yield of wheat, mungbean and T. Aman rice in the HGR is low compared to the other parts of the country, due to the majority of farmers grow wheat in the same land after harvest of T. Aman rice. One of the major causes of poor yield may be application of fertilizers considering single crop rather than whole cropping pattern. By considering this important issue, an experiment was conducted to fi nd out an optimum and economic fertilizer dose for wheat-mungbean-T. Aman rice cropping pattern at Atgharia, Pabna (AEZ-11) of Bangladesh during 2011-2012 and 2012- 2013. The initial soil of the experimental fi eld was chemically analyzed and fertilizer doses for each crop were calculated on yield goal basis as per fertilizer recommendation for the location specifi c soils. There were eight treatments combination: T1 = 100% NPK (STB – soil test-based nutrients management); T2 = T1 +25% N; T3 = T1 +25% NP; T4 = T1 +25% NK; T5 = T1 +25% PK; T6 = T1 +25% NPK; T7 = 75% of T1 and T8 = control (without fertilizers), where STB applied fertilizers for wheat (‘BARI Gom 26’) were 120-18-75-10-2-1 kg N-P-K-S-Zn-B ha^-1; for mungbean (‘Binamoog-5’) were 18-18-30-10-0.5 kg N-P-K-S-B ha1 and for T. Aman rice (‘Binadhan-7’) were 64-8-24-6 kg N-P-K-S ha^-1. After two years of research, the maximum yield of wheat was obtained in T6 (T1 +25% NPK) treatment which was statistically higher than other treatments except T3 . While, both mungbean and T. Aman rice gave the maximum yield in treatment T3 (T1 +25% NP) and the lowest was observed in control plot (T8 ). Considering the economic point of view, the maximum net benefit was obtained from T6 treatment (T1 +25% NPK) followed by T3 (T1 +25% NP) and the maximum MBCR was also obtained from T3 treatment. So, the fertilizer dose 150-23-94-10-2-1 kg N-P-K-S-Zn-B ha^-1 for wheat, 23-23-30-10-0.5 kg N-P-K-S-B ha^-1 for mungbean and 80-10-24-6 kg N-P-K-S ha^-1 for T. Aman rice were recommended for higher yield and economic return for the W-M-R cropping pattern in HGR (AEZ-11) soil of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Nutrient management; Wheat; mungbean; T. Aman rice; Cropping pattern

Location: Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Cropping pattern, Fertilizer

Objectives:

The present study was, therefore, undertaken to determine fertilizer requirements for W-M-R cropping pattern in AEZ-11.

Methodology:

Experimental site An experiment based on a two-year W-M-R cropping sequence was established at Atgharia, Pabna (28°22′N; 88°39′E; 20 m.a.s.l.) during 2011-12 to 2012-13. The experimental site belongs to the agro-ecological zone of the High Ganges River Floodplain (AEZ-11) (FRG, 2012). Physical, morphological and chemical properties of AEZ11’s soils (FRG, 2012; Hossain et al., 2016). Monthly record of rainfall, mean daily minimum and maximum temperature, and relative humidity (%) for the period of the experiment. Experimental design and treatments The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). There were eight treatments, i.e. T1 =100% STB; T2 =T1 +25% N; T3 =T1 +25% NP; T4 =T1 +25% NK; T5 =T1 +25% PK; T6 =T1 +25% NPK; T7 =75% of T1 and T8 = control, each treatment replicated three times, where STB applied fertilizers for wheat (‘BARI Gom 26’) were 120-18-75-10-2-1 kg N-P-K-SZn-B ha-1, for mungbean (‘Binamoog-5’) were 18-18-30- 10-0.5 kg N-P-K-S-B ha-1 and for T. Aman rice (‘Binadhan-7’) were 64-8-24-6 kg N-P-K-S ha-1 (Table 3). Crop and soil management Before transplantation the land was well prepared by ploughing, cross ploughing and uniformly leveled by laddering. In that cropping system, only rice was transplanted by hand into well-puddled soil, and all other crops were sown by hand. Wheat (cv. ‘BARI Gom 26’), mungbean (cv. ‘Binamoog-5’), T. Aman rice (cv. ‘Binadhan-7’) were planted with 20 cm row spacing for wheat, 30 cm × 10 cm for mungbean, and 20 cm×15 cm for rice. Wheat was sown in late November, mungbean in early April, and rice was transplanted in early to mid-July in each year. Fertilizer was applied to each plot as per treatment. Fertilizers TSP (triple superphosphate), MoP (muriate of potash), gypsum and Zn (zinc sulphate) were applied as basal to each individual plots during final land preparation. For rice, all fertilizers except N were broadcast and incorporated at the time of final land preparation. Nitrogen was broadcast in three equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting. For wheat, a full dose of all fertilizers and two-thirds of N was applied at sowing time. The remaining N was top-dressed at crown-root initiation stage (CRI), 17-21 days after sowing (DAS), i.e. immediately after first irrigation. At each year wheat received three irrigations of approximately 75 mm each at CRI (17-21 DAS), booting stage (50-55 DAS), and grain filling (70- 75 DAS) stages. Necessary intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. The crop was harvested at maturity. The harvested crop from each plot was bundled separately and brought to the threshing floor. The crops were threshed, cleaned and processed. Then, grain and straw were sundried and stored for chemical analysis. The yield component information was noted on randomly selected 10 plants of each plot. The moisture content of the grain was 10-12% during storage. Yield measurement According to treatments, all crops in W-M-R cropping pattern were harvested at full maturity. However, to avoid border effects sample plants for each crop were harvested separately in the center of each plot from an area of 6 m². The harvested sample crop of each plot was bundled separately, tagged and placed on a threshing floor. Then, the bundles were dried in bright sunshine, then weighed and threshed. The moisture content of the grain was measured by a moisture meter. Grain yield (GY) for wheat and grain legumes (mungbean) was measured at 12% moisture and rice grain at 14% moisture from the sample grain of harvested area and expressed as t ha^-1.

Source of Information: Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 24 (No 6) 2018, 992–1003

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

An appropriate combination of fertilizer is critical and important for crop production system. From the results of this investigation, it may be concluded that nutrients combination 150-23-94-10-2^-1 kg N-P-K-S-Zn-B ha^-1 for wheat, 23-23-30-10-0.5 kg N-P-K-S-Zn-B ha^-1 for mungbean and 80-10-24-6 kg N-P-K-S ha^-1 for T. Aman rice could be recommended for higher yield and economically profitable for the W-M-R cropping pattern in HGR (AEZ11) soil of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal