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Effect of Seed Priming on Growth and Yield of Different Wheat Varieties in Madhupur Tract of Bangladesh

Nibedita Chakma
Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Parimal Kanti Biswas
Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh.

Pretom Kumar Hore
Department of Agricultural Extension, Boalmari, Faridpur, Bangladesh.

Md. Rashedul Islam
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, RARS, Barishal-8211, Bangladesh.

Raziuddin
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, RARS, Barishal-8211, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seed priming of wheat is an effective pre-sowing treatment having positive influence on wheat growth and seed yield. Effectiveness of seed priming depends on seed size and priming duration. Seed priming at different time duration and its impact on growth and yield of wheat varieties still unknown. A field study was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during Rabi season of 2012-13 in Madhupur tract (AEZ-28) of Bangladesh. The experiment was carried out with two wheat varieties (i) BARI Gom-25 and (ii) BARI Gom-26 and five hydro priming treatments e.g. (i) No priming (ii) 3hrs priming (iii) 6hrs priming (iv) 9hrs priming (v) 12hrs priming under split-plot design with three replications to study the effect of priming on wheat varieties. The results revealed that, seed priming had no statistically significant effect on varieties. But, priming for 6hrs and 9hrs significantly influences emergence count than non-primed seeds. The highest emergence count can be observed from 9hrs priming at 10 and 15 DAS (4.5 and 41.67, respectively). The highest number of effective tiller was demonstrated by both 6hrs and 9hrs of priming. Seed priming for 9hrs exhibited the highest number of leaves/tiller (8.30 at 30 DAS), LAI (7.28 at 60 DAS) and number of tiller (53.17 at 60 DAS). Seed priming for 9hrs also exhibited the highest number of spike (38.67), spikelets/spike (20.15), 1000 grain weight (46.61g) and grain yield (2.86 t/ha) whereas the lowest from non-primed seeds. Interaction of variety and priming treatments indicated the advantage of seed priming over non-primed seeds. Emergence count was the highest for 6hrs and 9hrs primed BARI Gom-26 seeds (5), 9hrs BARI Gom-25 seeds (5). The highest number of spike (42) was produced by BARI Gom-26 with 9hrs of priming whereas the maximum spikelet/spike (21.18), 1000 grain weight (49.82g) and grain yield (2.88 t/ha) was produced by BARI Gom-25 with 9hrs of priming. For interaction effects, statistically identical grain yield (2.83 t/ha) can be observed from BARI Gom-26 with 9hrs of priming. Non primed wheat seeds showed the lowest yield (2.72 t/ha) for BARI Gom-25.

Keywords: Seed Priming, Variety, Emergence, Growth, Yield

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. To find out the effect of seed priming on emergence and yield of wheat.

2. To find out the interaction between varieties and seed priming on emergence and yield of wheat.

Methodology:

Climate and Soil: The experimental field was located at 90.3350 E longitudes and 23.7740 N latitudes at an altitude of 8.6 meters above the mean sea level. The climate was subtropical with low temperature and minimum rainfall during December to March that was the main feature of the Rabi season. The annual precipitation of the site was around 2200 mm and potential evapotranspiration was 1300 mm. The average mean temperature was 25.17°C. The humidity varies from 55% to 79%. The day length was 10.5-11.0 hours only. The soil of the experimental field belongs to the Tejgaon soil series of the Madhupur Tract (AEZ-28). The general soil type of the experimental field was Deep Red Brown Terrace Soil. Topsoil was silty clay loam in texture. Organic matter content was very low (1.34 %) and soil pH varies from 5.8 – 6. Experimental Layout: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications where variety was assigned in the main plot and seed priming in sub-plots. The treatments included Factor A: Variety (2); V₁ = BARI Gom-25 and V₂ = BARI Gom-26, Factor B: Seed priming levels (5); P₁ = No priming, P₂ = 3 hours priming, P₃ = 6 hours priming, P₄ = 9 hours priming, P₅ = 12 hours priming. Seeds were collected from seed technology division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. Water was used as a media of seed priming. Similar amount of seeds for both varieties per plot was soaked in water for different durations as per treatment and removed from the water about 30 minutes before sowing. Land Preparation- The experimental field was ploughed thoroughly with a power tiller and then laddering was done to obtain a desirable tilth. Weeds, stubbles and crop residues were cleaned from the land. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 100, 80, 25 and 20 kg ha^-1 of NPK and S, respectively and 5 t ha^-1 cowdung. The 2/3^rd urea and whole amount of other fertilizers were applied as basal dose during last ploughing and rest 1/3^rd urea was applied at crown root initiation stage (21 DAS) followed by an irrigation. Seeds were treated with Vitavax 200 @ 3 g kg^-1 of seeds and sown in line on 16 November 2012 as per treatments. The recommended seed rates (120 kg ha^-1 ) of wheat variety were used. The seeds were placed in 20 cm apart lines as per treatments. Weeds were controlled through two weeding at 25 and 45 days after sowing (DAS). After emergence three irrigation were given at crown root initiation (20 DAS), maximum tillering stage (40 DAS) and heading stages (53 DAS). Data Collection- At full maturity, ten plants were marked randomly and those plants from each plot were harvested. Crop of each plot was harvested from 5m ×1.5m area, separately leaving the border lines to record the seed yield which was converted into t ha^-1 basis. Data on the different growth, yield and yield contributing parameters were collected from the experimental field. Data collected from different parameters were compiled and tabulated in proper form. Appropriate statistical analysis was made by MSTAT-C computer package program and the treatment means were compared by least significance difference (LSD) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research; Volume 9, Issue 1, ISSN (Online) 2319-1473

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

According to the results of the experiment, the following conclusions can be made: 1. Varieties do not have very significant influence on yield & yield contributing characteristics for priming. 2. The highest emergence count can be observed from nine hours of hydro priming for both varieties. Nine hours priming of BARI Gom-25 gave the highest grain yield (2.88 t ha^-1 ) which is statistically similar to BARI Gom-26 with nine hours of priming than control & other treatments.

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