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Community Dependence on Fish Farming: Study on Its Role in Uplifting the Socio-economic Condition of Fish Farmers in Sylhet District

A Rashid*
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M T Alam
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

S S Marine
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M A Islam
Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M S I Sarkar
Institute of Marine Science and Fisheries, Chittagong University, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An exploratory survey was conducted to investigate farmers dependency on fish farming for their livelihood in three upazilas of Sylhet district namely Kanighat, Gowainghat and Golabgonj from July to December 2013. Sixty fish farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study showed that in all farming systems middle aged farmers were found the highest percentage (58.3%). About 55% families of integrated farmers had 6-above members while lowest 35% in semi intensive farmers. The highest illiterate (40%) was found in extensive farmers and the lowest 15% each in semi-intensive and integrated farmers. About 36.67% of the respondents had tin shed house, 18.33% had kacha, 31.67% had half-building and only 13.33% had building. On an average, 13.33% farmers were used pucka toilets while 20% semi-intensive farmers and 15% integrated farmers used pucka toilet. The lowest 65% extensive farmers used tubewell water while it was observed 90% for semi-intensive farmers. About 55% semi intensive farmers got treatment from upazila health complex while it was only 45% for extensive farmers but a considerable portion depended upon village doctors where highest (40%) extensive farmers. It was revealed that highest percentage 45% of semi-intensive farmers gained training from UFO while only 25% of extensive farmers got training from UFO. It was found that farmers had tremendous scope for harnessing natural resources. No impact of religion was found on farming but electricity played vital role. It was observed that 60% of extensive farmer’s primary occupation was agriculture while 20% and 25% semi-intensive and integrated farmer’s primary occupation was agriculture, respectively. Self-financed farmers occupied the highest position in all types of farming. Significant difference was found in annual income among the farming systems as highest income (2,65,250 BDT) in semi intensive farming and lowest (95,500 BDT) in extensive farming. Main constraints were inadequate supply of quality fingerlings (26.67%), high production cost (21.67%) and the low quality feed (18.33%). The livelihood outcomes found positive and 76.67% farmers viewed that they have improved their socio-economic conditions. Necessary training on scientific fish culture, establishment of hatchery by GOs and NGOs to ensure quality fingerlings and massive extension work can mitigate the problems of fish culture in the study area.

Keywords: Livelihood, Fish farming, Socio-economic condition, Respondent farmers, Sylhet

Location: Three upazilas namely Kanighat, Golabgonj and Goainghat of Sylhet district

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

1. To know the socio-economic conditions and livelihood status of fish farmers in the study area, and 2. To find out the influence of farming system on livelihood of fish farmers.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted based on community focused field survey where primary data were collected from fish farmers to obtain detailed information on their fish farming system and livelihood status. Three upazilas namely Kanighat, Golabgonj and Goainghat of Sylhet district were selected for the study. Data were collected from 20 extensive farmers, 20 semi-intensive farmers and 20 integrated fish farmers in the study areas. For collecting data both individual and group interviews were applied with different degrees of effectiveness of the farmer’s information. The data were collected from July to December 2013. The draft questionnaire was tested by the opinion of 12 fish farmers and much attention was given to any new information which was not designed to be asked but was important and informative to fulfill the objectives. For this research one of the PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) tool and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted where each group size of FGD was 4 to 7 farmers. After collecting the data through questionnaire interviews and FGD, crosscheck interviews were conducted with Upazila Fisheries Officer, Assistant Fisheries Officer, relevant NGO workers, Chairman and Members of the Union councils. Before the tabulation the collected data were scrutinized and summarized carefully. The processed data were transferred to a master sheet from which classified tables were prepared revealing the findings of the study. After data entry, the data were analyzed with computer programs Microsoft Excel and SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 11.5.

Source of Information: J. Sylhet Agril. Univ. 2(1):97-105, 2015 ISSN: 2308-1597

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The livelihood outcomes found positive and 76.67% farmers viewed that they have improved their socio-economic conditions. Necessary training on scientific fish culture, establishment of hatchery by GOs and NGOs to ensure quality fingerlings and massive extension work can mitigate the problems of fish culture in the study area.

Knowledge Management: Journal