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Reducing the Volume of Garbage and Production of Biogas Through Anaerobic Decomposition

M. H. Rahman
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

S. H. Mia
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

A. Nessa
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000

M. A. Badhan
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. Islam
Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Biogas is one of the most eco-friendly alternative renewable energy sources, to meet future energy requirement. In order to carry out this research, two experiments were set up taking cow dung, cow dung with wasted flour and cultured Bacteria with waste flour. In Experiment 1, only cow dung was used in build biogas plant and decomposed periodically for 28 days. After that cow dung slurry (as inoculum) with waste flour were decomposed for 28 days. In Experiment 2, same waste flour with cultured anaerobic bacterial colony (as inoculum) was used as the feed stocks and the experiment was completed in 28 days. Result of the Study revealed that production of biogas was higher and consuming less time when cultured bacterial colony was used as inoculum with feed stock, compared to that of cow dung. In this experiment, garbage is decomposed with approximately all type of anaerobic bacteria. If methanogens, facultative anaerobes and other bacteria which are responsible for anaerobic digestion and biogas formation, are separately cultured and these garbage’s are separately decomposed with this bacteria. Anaerobic decomposition has a number of environmental benefits including production of ‘green’ energy and natural fertilizers. The process of converting organic feed stock into biogas can serve as a substitute for fossil fuels and artificial fertilizers, reducing the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere.

Keywords: Anaerobic bacteria, Biogas, Eco-friendly, Garbage

Location: Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902

Start Date: 01-01-2014

End Date: 12-06-2014

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

The main objectives of the study were; to reduce the volume of different types of biodegradable wastes, to produce the more amount of biogas and to learn about methanogens

Methodology:

In order to carry out the research, the whole study was divided into three major phases based upon the activities carried out. Preliminary Phase: Desk Study and Mobilization---Investigation and Data Collection Phase: Built a Biogas Plant, Bacteria Culture----Concluding Phase: Field data compilation, analysis and interpretation, Phase: Field data

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 33-36, 2015 ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The main purpose of this research was to produce more amount of biogas and to reduce the volume of garbage. Biogas technology, as it uses animal and agricultural wastes and returns the waste as fertilizer, energy being the bonus, is considered as a most appropriate technology to a developing country like Bangladesh which is mainly an agricultural based country. This research was started from January 1, 2014 and was completed at June, 12, 2014, and was held in the campus-area of Mawlana Bhasani Science and Technology University. In this experiment garbage is decomposed with only approximately all type of anaerobic bacteria. If methanogens, facultative anaerobes and other bacteria which are responsible for anaerobic digestion and biogas formation, are separately cultured, and these garbage’s are separately decomposed with this bacteria, then this experiment will be resulted in more accuracy in investigation and increase the production of biogas and decrease time consuming in digestion process. However, there are some social and economic aspects, which have strong bearing on the spread of use of this technology. But if we can mitigate the problems by using low cost technology and produce biogas for our daily using purpose then it will be very much acceptable for us by environmentally, economically and reduce pollution.

Knowledge Management: Journal