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Screening of Wheat Genotypes Against Salinity at Early Vegetative Stage in Pot Culture

MS Uddin
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barisal-8211, Bangladesh

KMW Hossain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiment was carried out to investigate intra-specific variation for salt tolerance and to classify the wheat genotypes into different salt tolerant groups. Considerable variations among the genotypes in response to salinity were observed for shoot length under 16 dS/m NaCl salinity in the both seasons. Salt tolerant genotype was found to be less affected at high salinity and could be produced better total dry matter compared to other genotypes. Five and seven genotypes appeared as tolerance during 2008 - 09 and 2009 - 10, respectively based on relative total dry matter (RTDM). On the other hand, six and three genotypes exhibited tolerant during 2008 - 09 and 2009 - 10, respectively based on visual scoring. The distribution pattern of the genotypes into various salinity tolerant groups remained fairly constant under two methods. Three genotypes G24, G33 and G40 exhibited tolerant category. RTDM compared to the control would be very useful trait in salinity tolerant improvement programme. However, visual scoring provide guidelines for mass screening of salt tolerant genotypes.

Keywords: Screening, Wheat genotype, Salinity, Vegetative stage, Tolerant, Susceptible

Location: Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Soil salinity

Objectives:

To examine the intra-specific variation for salt tolerance and to classify the wheat genotypes into different salt tolerance groups at vegetative stage.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out with 45 wheat genotypes, collected from Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, in pot culture under semi-controlled environment (inside plastic greenhouse) and natural light during two seasons of 2008 - 09 and 2009 - 10. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block (RCBD) with three replications. The materials were evaluated at Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barishal under control (non-saline) and 16 dS/m salinity level. Salt solution was prepared artificially by dissolving calculated amount of commercially available NaCl with tap water to make 160 mM NaCl solution. The salt solution was applied with an increment of 40 mM at every alternate day till the respective concentrations were attained. Plants in control were irrigated with tap water. Treatment solution was applied in excess so that extra solution dripped out from the bottoms of the pots. Treatments began 12 days after sowing and were continued for 10 days, after which the pots were flushed with tap water to leach out the accumulated salt and the plants were irrigated with tap water (Ashraf and McNeilly 1988 and Aziz et al. 2005, 2006). Data on different salinity parameters were recorded as follows: Reduction of shoot length (%) = {Shoot length at non-saline – Shoot length at saline} / {Shoot length at non-saline} x 100. Reduction of shoot dry matter = {Shoot dry wt. at non-saline – Shoot dry wt. at saline}/{Shoot dry wt. at non-saline} x 100. Relative total dry matter (RTDM %) = {Shoot dry wt. at saline} / {Shoot dry wt. at non-saline} x 100. Salinity scoring was done with 0 - 9 scale based on RTDM% (Ashraf and Waheed 1990) and 1 - 9 scale based on visually using the modified standard evaluation system of IRRI (Ray and Islam 2007).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 47(3): 381-387, 2018 (September)

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Achievement/Findings:

The results deal with the salt tolerance of the genotypes at the vegetative stage. It has been argued that selection for salinity tolerance at the vegetative stage may not produce tolerant adult plants (Kingsbury and Epstein 1984). In contrast, the performance of seeding under saline conditions has been considered highly predictive of the response of adult plants to salinity. Aziz et al. (2006) and Uddin et al. (2017) screened seedling of wheat, grass species and mungbean, respectively and found a considerable relationship in salt tolerance at the adult stage. Nevertheless, tolerance observed at early vegetative stage is of great importance. Because it has been emphasized by many workers that the assessment of salt tolerance at vegetative stage of a plant species is of considerable value in determining the ultimate tolerance of the species. In consideration of the severe effect of salt on vegetative stage, the growth of crop cultivars in saline area is facilitated by leaching the salts and by other management practices. Therefore, knowing the tolerance that was observed at the vegetative stage of some genotype would be of considerable economic value for crop establishment on salt affected soils. From the data it may be concluded that the salt tolerant genotypes found in the diverse germplasm of wheat, examined in this study, could be of considerable economic value in increasing yield on saline areas.

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