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Reproductive Performance of Spiralling Whitefly on Guava and Impact of Weather Parameters on Its Immature Stages

I. Hossain
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

M.M.H. Khan*
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

S.M.H. Jahan
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to know the reproductive performance of spiralling whitefly on guava. Number of colony, eggs, 1st instar, 2nd instar, 3rd instar and 4th instar nymphs per five leaves ranged from 6 to 15, 8 to 32, 0 to 44, 0 to 22, 0 to 45 and 0 to 28, respectively. Maximum number of adults and nymphs were found in the month of January. Highest longevity of Aleurodicus dispersus (21.5 days) was recorded in adult while the lowest was in 2nd instar nymph (6.4 days). The number of colony/leaf and number of 3rd and 4th instar nymphs of A. dispersus had significant positive correlation with minimum and maximum temperature while non-significant positive correlation is observed between the number of egg/colony, the number 1st and 2nd instar nymphs with minimum and maximum temperature. A. dispersus showed nonsignificant positive correlation with minimum and maximum relative humidity regarding number of colony/leaf, 2nd instar nymph while nonsignificant negative correlation with 4th instar nymph.

Keywords: Aleurodicus dispersus, Reproductive performance, Life span, Weather parameters

Location: In the homestead area of the Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) campus and in the entomology laboratory

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-04-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects, Guava

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to know the reproductive performance of spiralling whitefly on guava and to know the impact of weather parameters on immature stages of whiteflies.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the homestead area of the Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU) campus and in the entomology laboratory during November 2013 to April 2014. Geographically, the area is covered Gangetic Tidal Floodplain and falls under Agroecological Zone (AEZ-13). The area lies at 0.9 to 2.1 meter above mean sea level (Iftekhar and Islam, 2004). This region occupies a vast area of tidal floodplain land in the south-west part of Patuakhali district having warm and humid climatic condition. The observation of whitefly was recorded at weekly intervals during 6:30 to 8:30 am. The population of whiteflies (nymphs and adults) were recorded from three leaves one each from the upper, middle and lower position on five randomly selected plants. The population was counted only on five leaves and the whitefly population was expressed on per plant basis. The weekly meteorological data on temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were recorded during the experimental period. Mass culture of the insect and observation of fecundity and longevity The laboratory experiment was carried out under normal room temperature (32 ± ⁰C) and relative humidity (85 ± 5%) with a 14 ± 2:10±2 light and dark cycle (L: D) following completely randomized design (CRD). Twenty pairs of A. dispersus adults were released into petridishes with wet cotton of the leaves of each host plant. Adults were allowed to lay eggs for 12 h before being removed. A small pen mark was used to place identifying marks next to 50 whitefly eggs on each of six leaves per species. The infested plants were placed in 60 × 60 × 60 cm³ cages and development and survival of each stages of whitefly were recorded daily until all the whiteflies emerged. With the exception of the crawlers, which were capable of small distance movement immediately after hatching from egg, all the other immature stages were sessile and cannot move. All stages of whitefly were identified according to their characteristics described by Russell (1965) and Water house and Norris (1989) Therefore, leaves with “pupae” were covered with leaf clip cages to trap emerging adult whiteflies. Emerged adult whiteflies were counted and sexed as described by Gill (1993) and used for daily longevity and fecundity studies.

Source of Information: SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 207-214 (2017)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v15i2.35165

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among different developmental stages, highest longevity of A. dispersus was recorded in adult compared to nymphs. Highest number of adults, nymphs and pupae were found in the month of January. A. dispersus had significant positive correlation with minimum and maximum temperature while non-significant positive correlation with minimum and maximum relative humidity.

Knowledge Management: Journal