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Morphological Characterization of Different Carambola Germplasm

M. Z. Kabir
MS Student
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

M. A. Rahim
Professor
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out with 12 carambola germplasm at the BAU Germplasm Centre (GPC) of Fruit Tree Improvement Program (FTIP), Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh during August, 2010 to September, 2011. Twelve carambola germplasm viz., V-01, V-02, V-03, V-04, V-05, V-06, V-07, V-08, V-09, V-10, V-11 and V-12 were studied for their morphological characteristics under the ecological condition of Mymensingh. A wide range of variations were observed among the germplasm in different morphological characters. The durations of fruit maturity were the longest in V-05 (157.00 days). The hightest number of fruits was observed in V-09 (336.67). The length of panicle was the highest in V-08 (10.40 cm). The highest breadth was also in V-08 (5.10 cm). Number of main branches per panicle was the highest in V-09 (8.00) and the lowest in V-03 (4.67). All the panicles were found glabrous in nature and the panicle colour varied from pink to violet. The germplasm V-01, V-03, V-06, V-07, V-08, V-09 and V-12 were good in respect of external appearance. The skin colour and flesh colour of fruits were varied from yellow to orange. The heaviest and longest fruits were found in V-12 (220 g), and the lightest fruit in weight was observed in germplasm V-05 (64 g). On the other hand, the germplasm V-09 (99.13 %), V-10 (99.12 %) and V-12 (99.42 %) were found to have higher edible portion compared to other germplasm. The germplasm V-06 (15.77) had the maximum TSS and the germplasm V-11 (12.17) had the minimum TSS. The maximum juice content was found in germplasm V-12 (123.33 ml) and the minimum were found in germplasm V-02 (33.00 ml) and V-07 (33.00 ml). The study result showed that V-12 germplasm was the best in respect to morphological character.

Keywords: Morphological characteristics, Carambola, Germplasm

Location: BAU Germplasm Centre (GPC) of Fruit Tree Improvement Program (FTIP), Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agriculture University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-08-2010

End Date: 00-09-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Carambola

Objectives:

To give information on the varietals characteristics.

Methodology:

An investigation was conducted at the BAU Germplasm Centre (GPC) of Fruit Tree Improvement Program (FTIP), Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agriculture University, Mymensingh during August, 2010 to September, 2011. The objectives of the experiment were to evaluate the morphological characteristies of carambola under the agro-ecological conditions of Mymensingh. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. A large number of carambola varieties of varying ages are now growing at the Germplasm Centre (GPC). Amongst them, about eight to twelve years old 12 exotic, hybrid and local carambola varieties were selected for study. These 12 germplasm of carambola were considered as the experimental treatments. The total number of plants was 36, which were considered as the three replications. The experiment was divided into two separate parts viz., i. Morphological characteristics of 12 carambola germplasm and ii. Morphological characteristics of the fruits of 12 carambola germplasm. A large number of carambola varieties of varying ages are found to grow at the germplasm centre. Different varieties of carambola were collected from home and abroad and planted there. 12 exotic, hybrid and local carambola varieties were selected for study. These 12 germplasm of carambola were considered as the experimental treatments. V-01 (Akborpuri): Regular bearing variety of carambola. Fruits are elongated, juicy and taste is sweet. Bright yellow to yellow-orange in colour. V-02 (Wheeler): Wheeler is a Regular bearing variety of carambola. Fruit size is small and ellipsoidal shape. Taste is juicy and sweet. V-03 (BAU Kamranga-1): Fruit is medium in size and narrow type. This fruit contain less juice. TSS is medium. Sweet and juicy, firm flesh with few seeds. V-04 (Thai Kamranga): Thai Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Fruit size is ovoid. Skin is thin and stone is very small, less sweet and juicy content is less. V-05 (NewYork Kamranga): NewYork Kamranga is a regular bearing late variety of carambola. Ripen fruit color is light yellow, and taste is sour and juice content is less. V-06 (Thai Misty Kamranga): Thai Misty Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Fruit size is good. TSS content is high. Taste is juicy and sweet. V-07 (Misty Kamranga): Misty Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Elipsoidal in shape. Taste is very sweet. Juice content is high. V-08 (Hybrid Kamranga): Hybrid Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Ellipsoidal in shape. Size, taste and TSS are Medium. V-09 (Sylhety Kamranga): Sylhety Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Fruit size is large. V-10 (Malaysia Kamranga): Malaysia Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Shape is ovoid. Size is medium. Taste and TSS are low. V-11 (Deshi Kamranga): Medium to large fruit, greenish yellow to orange skin and flesh, Very good quality and flavor. Taste is medium. V-12 (Local): Local Kamranga is a regular bearing variety. Shape is elogated. Taste is very sweet. Juice content is high. Two season flowering, large in size. The data were recorded on the following parameters. Time of panicle initiation, Duration of flowering (days), Date of harvest Days to maturity (from flowering to harvest), No. of fruits per plant. Panicle character: Length and breadth of panicle, Number of main branches per panicle, Shape and nature of the panicle, Branching habit, Panicle colour. Shape of fruits, External appearance, Skin colour, Flesh colour, Fruit weight, Fruit length, Fruit breadth, Seed weight, Total soluble solids (TSS), Juice content (ml). The recorded data on different parameters of the experiment were tabulated and analyzed with appropriate design of experiment adopting a statistical programme MSTAT. All the treatment means were calculated and the analysis of variances (ANOVA) of different characters considered was done by ‘F’ variance test. The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 1% and 5% levels of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fruit Sci. & Tech. 2 (1 & 2): 77-83 (2011), ISSN 2218-6824

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The length of panicle was the highest in V-08 (10.40 cm). The highest breadth was also in V-08 (5.10 cm). Number of main branches per panicle was the highest in V-09 (8.00) and the lowest in V-03 (4.67). All the panicles were found glabrous in nature and the panicle colour varied from pink to violet. The germplasm V-01, V-03, V-06, V-07, V-08, V-09 and V-12 were good in respect of external appearance. The skin colour and flesh colour of fruits were varied from yellow to orange. The heaviest and longest fruits were found in V-12 (220 g), and the lightest fruit in weight was observed in germplasm V-05 (64 g). On the other hand, the germplasm V-09 (99.13 %), V-10 (99.12 %) and V-12 (99.42 %) were found to have higher edible portion compared to other germplasm. The germplasm V-06 (15.77) had the maximum TSS and the germplasm V-11 (12.17) had the minimum TSS. The maximum juice content was found in germplasm V-12 (123.33 ml) and the minimum were found in germplasm V-02 (33.00 ml) and V-07 (33.00 ml). The study result showed that V-12 germplasm was the best in respect to morphological character.

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