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Effects of Tillage on N, P and K Concentratins in Rice and Wheat Plant Tissues.

M. S. Khan
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

R. A. Begum
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

A. Islam
Department of Soil science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

T. H. Khan
Department of Soil science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

M. S. Islam
Bangladesh Agricultural Research council, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were carried out in Grey Terrace soil of Chhiata series (Aeric Haplaquepts) at joydebpur and Calcareous Brown Floodplain Soil of Darshana series (Typic Eutrochrepts) at Jessor soils to evaluate the effects of alternate tillage practices on N, P and K concentration in rice and wheat plant tissues. The N, P and K concentration in rice and wheat plant tissues were higher where either continuous deep tillage or alternate deep and conventional tillage were practiced. Nitrogen concentrations of wheat were also significantly higher in deep tilled plots compared to those of conventional and minimum tilled plots both at maximum tillering and early flowering stages. Moreover, higher values of P and K were noticed at the maximum tillering stage of wheat plant tissues in deep tilled plots.

Keywords: Tillage, Nutrient concentration, Soil, Rice, wheat.

Location: Joydebpur and Jessore districts, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice, Wheat

Objectives:

To see the effect of tillage practices on nutrient concentration in rice and wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Joydebpur and Jessore representing Chhiata and Darshana series soils. For the first kharif crop, the experimental plots were sub-divided into twelve unit plots. The three tillage treatments described below, were applied to the twelve unit plots having four replications of each. During rice cultivation, minimum tillage was done by minimizing soil manipulation necessary for crop production or meeting the necessary tillage requirements under the existing soil and climatic conditions. In minimum tillage treatment, water was retained in the plots for several days till the soils became soft enough for transplanting rice seedlings. Tillage operations were done by country plough for conventional tillage treatment. The ploughing depths were 7.5-9.5 cm. After ploughing the soils were thoroughly puddled so that transplantation of rice was done easily. The deep tillage treatment was done by chiseling 22 cm apart to a depth of 20-22 cm followed by one disc, one tiller and planking. The deep tillage was carried out by spade and power tiller. After the harvest of the first kharif crop, each unit plot was sub-divided into three sub plots for wheat cultivation. The three sub-plots of an unit plot were subjected to three different tillage treatments, namely, minimum tillage treatment, where the seeds were sown in the furrow made by manually pulled country plough. The soils between the rows were left undisturbed. Country plough was used for land preparation followed by laddering to have conventional tillage. The ploughing depths were 7.5- 9.5 cm. Deep tillage treatment was done by chiseling the soil followed by laddering, spading and planking. The ploughing depths were 20-22 cm. The treatments were selected for different plots randomly. After the harvest of wheat crop (average of two crop cycles), three sub-plots of unit plot were subjected to the same tillage treatment as in case of the first rice crop. These trends of tillage treatments were followed for the subsequent cropping sequences during the course of this experiment. The experiment thus consisted of nine treatment combinations with four replications. In kharif season thirty five days old rice seedlings of BR11 were transplanted in line with 15 cm plant to plant and 20 cm row to row spacing. During rabi season the plots were prepared by adopting the tillage treatments mentioned above and the seeds of wheat cultivar Kanchan were sown in line @ 120 kg ha-l with 20 cm row to row spacing. For determination of N of plant samples (grain and straw) were determined by Kjeldahl method. Dry plant materials were digested with concentrated HNO₃ and HCIO+ mixture as described for determination of P and K. The P was determined by Vanado-Molibdic yellow colour method as described by Jackson (1973). The K content was determined. The soil properties of the experimental soils have been presented.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Reas. 18(1):151-159, 2000(June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

N, P and K concentration decreased as the plant appeared physiological maturity. The decline was slow during initial stage and more rapid during later stages of growth. N, P and K concentrations of rice were higher at 30 days after transplanting followed by a decrease due to dilution resulting from increased vegetative growth. Deep tillage in general increased the N, P and K concentrations of rice plants. The effects of tillage practices on N, P and K concentrations of wheat plants at different growth stages in Chhiata and Darshana soil are presented. The nitrogen concentration of wheat plants in chhiata soil varied significantly with tillage practice. The highest value of 3.60 percent was recorded at the maximum tillering stage with deep tillage. This was followed by conventional tillage practice and the lowest value was obtained with minimum tillage. The P concentrations in wheat plants at all the sampling stages of deep tilled plots were significantly higher than those grown in other tillage practice in Chhiata soil but only at the early flowering stage in Darshana soil. Higher values of (0.54 percent) were noticed at the maximum tillering stage in Darshana soil. The effect of tillage practices on the K concentrations of wheat plants at different growth stages of the two soils are presented. The tillage practice had significant effect on the K concen trations of wheat plants at maximum tillering and early flowering stages in Darshana soil and at the maximum tiilering stage in Chhiata soil. The higher values of 4.54,1.49 and 0.88 percent in Chhiata soil and 4.47, 1.58 and 1.05 percent in Darshana soil were recorded with continuous deep tilled plots (in combination with mininum or conventional tillage practices) at maximum tillering, early flowering and harvesting stages, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal