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Effects of Different Factors on the Growth Efficiency of Rice Seedlings

MUNNUJAN KHANAM
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD AL-YEASA
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

MD. SAZZADUR RAHMAN
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

ABDULLAH-AL-MAHBUB
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A.R. GOMOSTA
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effect of salt solution, and size and ageing of seeds on growth efficiency of rice seedlings. Variation in growth efficiency due to different factors was significant. Seeds of Pokkali, BRRI dhan 29, BRRI dhan 40 and BRRI dhan 41 rice genotypes were used. Growth efficiency and other seedling characteristics decreased as salinity levels increased. Three varieties of rice BR 14, BRRI dhan 28 and BR 1, which are large, medium and small grain variety, respectively, were used to study the effect of seed size on growth efficiency and seedling growth. All the parameters decreased remarkably with decreasing seed size. Seed size influenced the growth efficiency significantly. For accelerated ageing test five varieties of freshly harvested seeds were used. The tested varieties responded differently for growth efficiency. When the ageing treatments were extended to 72 hours the growth efficiency depressed markedly for most of the varieties.

Keywords: Growth efficiency, Ageing, Rice, Salt solution, Seedling growth, Seed size

Location: Plant Physiology division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2002

End Date: 00-06-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To observe (i) the effect of different salinity levels on growth efficiency, (ii) the effect of seed size on seedling growth, and (iii) the effects of accelerated ageing on growth efficiency of rice.

Methodology:

The research was carried out at the Plant Physiology division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh during April to June, 2002. Effect of salinity on growth efficiency: Four rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties namely Pokkali, BRRI dhan 29, BRRI dhan 40, BRRI dhan 41 were used for determination of growth efficiency. Four concentration of salt solution viz. 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m were obtained by dissolving appropriate amount of NaCl culture solution (Yoshida et al. 1976). Twenty sprouted seeds of each variety were put in a 100 ml beaker on a filter paper bed. The filter paper was moistened with different saline solutions separately. Four levels of saline solution and a non-saline solution (control) were used to grow seedlings. Twenty seedlings were allowed to grow in dark for 12 days at 30ºC in an incubator. One ml of appropriate treatment solution was added to each beaker every day. After 12 days 10 seedlings were randomly selected from each beaker and seedling length was measured. Samples of only the seedlings were dried in a hot air circulating oven at 70ºC for 72 hours. Dry weight was measured by using a fine electronic balance. One thousand seeds of each variety were weighed out in the electronic balance and mean weight of single seed was used as initial seed weight. Translocated reserve food and growth efficiency was calculated as per Yoshida (1981). The experiment was conducted in Complete Randomized Design with three replications. Effect of Seed Size on Growth Efficiency of Rice: Three rice varieties BR 1, BRRI dhan 28 and BR 14 were used as small, medium and large grain to observe the effect of seed size on growth efficiency. Oven dried one thousand seed weight of BR 1, BRRI dhan 28 and BR 14 were 18.86, 19.03 and 26.59 g respectively. Sprouted seeds were grown in dark in an incubator for twelve days. The seedlings were grown with distilled water. Growth efficiency and amount of translocated reserve material were calculated as per Yoshida (1981). Effect of accelerated ageing on growth efficiency of rice: Freshly collected seeds grown in Boro season (December, 2001 to May, 2002) of five rice varieties namely BR 1, BR 14, BRRI dhan 28, BRRI dhan 29 and BRRI dhan 36 were sun dried to break the dormancy. The sun-dried seeds were tested for germination. One thousand oven-dried seeds of each variety were weighed and mean weight of a single seed was used as initial seed weight. Ageing technique: The ageing temperature and relative humidity were maintained at 43ºC and 100%, respectively, in an incubator. Seeds were aged at different durations of 24, 48 and 72 hours. After ageing, seeds were sun dried, Leaving 12 ± 0.5 per cent moisture content as determined by “KETT” moisture meter. Twenty sprouted seeds of each variety were placed on a filter paper bed in each beaker. Freshly harvested and sun dried seeds (at 12 to 12.5 moisture %) of each variety was used as control treatment. This experiment was also carried out following the procedure mentioned earlier. Collected data of each experiment were subjected to ANOVA test and the mean values were separated using DMRT (Gomez and Gomez 1976).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 171-176, 2007 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

So, it can be concluded from the results obtained during the present investigation, that (i) growth efficiency of seedlings is not constant. It varied due to salinity, size of the seeds and ageing treatment, (ii) growth efficiency decreased gradually with increased concentration of NaCl solution, (iii) growth efficiency was highest in large seed weight variety and lowest in small seed weight variety. (iv) the growth efficiency declined markedly in all the varieties when the ageing treatments were extended to 72 hours.

Knowledge Management: Journal