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Environment Affects Aphid Population and Virus Transmission in Potato Fields

Md. Rezaul Karim
Joint Director
Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation

M. M. Hanafi
Professor
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Uinversity Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

S. M. Shahidullah
Senior Scientific Officer
Rice Farming Systems Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur -1701

Abu Hadi Md. Asadur Rahman
Register
BSMR Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abdul Mannan Akanda
Professor,
BSMR Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abul Khair
Professor
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Consecutive three years (2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005) data on the buildup of vector (Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii) population in the seed potato field at Domar farm revealed that the vector population was declined with the increase of relative humidity while it was increased with the increase of temperature. The relationship of the vector population build in the field with the relative humidity and temperature were found to be negatively and positively correlated, respectively. However, the lowest number of aphids was counted during third week of November to second week of January and the highest population was found in second week of November. The results demonstrate the time of sowing of potato and haulm pulling to protect seed potato against Potato virus Y and Potato leaf roll virus.

Keywords: Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, PVY, PLRV, Field epidemiology.

Location: Domar, Nilphamari

Start Date: 01-07-2002

End Date: 30-06-2005

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out the pattern of population build up of aphid vectors in the potato field of Domar in relation to temperature and relative humidity.

Methodology:

Four different yellow water traps as suggested and designed by Moericke 16 where used for monitoring of aphid vectors in the potato field of Foundation Seed Potato Production Farm of BADC, Domar, for consecutive three years started from 2003-2004, 2004-2005, 2005-2006. The size of each water trap was 49.5 cm length, 32.5 cm breadth and 8 cm height with angle of 65°. The traps were placed at 1 m height from the soil. The aphid monitoring traps were placed on November 14th and kept up to March 7th of each year. The half of the yellow trap was filled with fresh tap water. Few drops of liquid soap (Trix) were added to the tap water so that aphids could be unable to fly after falling on to the traps. The trapped aphids were counted from the trays twice in a week at 10 a.m. which was continued up to the date of haulm pulling (March 7th). After counting the aphids the water of the traps was changed with fresh water. Data on the temperature and relative humidity were collected from the meteorological station of Foundation Seed Potato Production Farm, Domar, Nilphamari, for the successive three cropping seasons. The graphs, correlation and regression between population of aphid vector and temperature and relative humidity were employed on weekly basis.

Source of Information: Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, Vol.9 (1): 195 - 201, 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results indicated that adjustment of slowing time of seed potato during 3rd week of November might be useful to avoid high population of aphid vectors in the field during vegetative growth stage of the potato plants. As both the PVY and PLRV are aphid-borne viruses, the aphid populations in the field solely determine the epiphytotic development of these two viruses. Moreover, it was observed that the field epidemiology, i.e. the spread of PVY and PLRV in the potato field, was found to be positively and significantly correlated with the vector population. The results indicated that, the vectors beyond the critical limit such as 2-3 aphids/water yellow traps placed in the potato field were significant to produce PVY and PLRV epidemic in the potato field.

Knowledge Management: Journal