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Effect of Stocking Density on Growth, Survival and Production of Shing (heteropneustes Fossilis) Fingerlings Under Nursery Ponds in Northern Region of Bangladesh

Md. Shirajum Monir
Head Quarter, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh.

Shafiqur Rahman
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out in nine earthen nursery ponds to assess the growth performances, survival and production of Heteropneustes fossilis fingerlings for the period of 8 weeks from June to July 2012. Three stocking densities were tested for each, viz., 2 million fry ha^-1(T₁), 2.5 million fry ha^-1 (T₂) and 3 million fry ha^-1 (T₃). The growth performances and survival of H. fossilis fingerlings were significantly (P<0.05) higher in T₁ than those obtained from T₂ and T₃, respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) the lowest feed conversion rate (FCR) was in T1 then followed by T2 and in T3. The highest number fingerlings was produced in T1 than those in T2 and T3 but showed no significant (P<0.05) difference. However, the highest net benefit was in T₁ where the stocking density was 2 million fry ha^-1. Therefore, 2 million fry ha^-1 (T₁) is the most suitable stocking density for nursing of H. fossilis for better production as well as higher net benefits.

Keywords: Heteropneustes fossilis, Fingerling, Growth, Survival, Production, Net benefits

Location: Freshwater Substation,Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Saidpur

Start Date: 00-06-2012

End Date: 00-07-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To develop an appropriate and economically feasible technology for mass seed production of H. fossilis in northern region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Description of the study area and duration: The present experiment was conducted in Freshwater Substation, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Saidpur, Nilphamari located at 25^o46^/41^//N, 88^o53^/51^//E of Bangladesh for a culture period of eight weeks during June to July 2012. Nine experimental nursery ponds of 0.012 ha with an average depth of 1.2 m were selected for three treatments each with three replicates. Nursery ponds preparation: Prior to stocking, the nursery ponds were dried and cleaned for unwanted weeds and species. All the dried nursery ponds were kept to sunlight for 10 days and the bottom soil was treated with quicklime (Ca2O) at the rate of 250 kg ha-1 and enclosed by fine nylon mosquito net. After seven days, all the treated ponds were filled up with underground water and fertilized with cow dung at the rate of 100 kg ha^-1. After ten days of manuring, the treated nursery ponds were sprayed with sumitheone 2500 ml ha^-1 to kill harmful insects and predatory zooplankton. Sources and stocking of fry: The fry of Shing (H. fossilis) used in this experiment were produced in the hatchery of Freshwater Sub-station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Saidpur, Nilphamari. After 24 hours of applying sumithone into the ponds water, 5 days old fry with an average length of 1.40±0.09 cm and weight of 0.0007±0.0002 g H. fossilis were stocked at the rate of 2, 2.5 and 3 million fry ha^-1 under treatment-1 (T₁), treatment-2 (T₂) and treatment-3 (T₃), respectively on 01 June 2012. Before stocking the initial mean weights of the fingerlings were measured using sensitive balance (OHAUS Model CS-2000). Feed supply in the nursery ponds: After stocking the fry were not fed for the first day in order to acclimatize them to the new nursery ponds. Then they were fed four times daily with MEGA nursery feed (38% crude protein) for the first 15 days and starter-I feed (35% crude protein) up to 60 days. The feeding rate was 14% of the estimated body weight of fry for the first two weeks, 12% for the second two weeks, 10% for the third two weeks and 8% for the last week. After 7 days of fry stocking, the nursery ponds were manure with organic fertilizer (100 kg ha^-1) at fortnight interval. Growth measurement of the fry: The growth performances of the experimental H. fossilis fry/fingerlings was observed weekly for each pond random sampling method. At least 75 fry/fingerlings were sampled with the help of a seine net to measure the growth to assess the health status and for feed adjustment. Physico-chemical parameters: Physico-chemical parameters such as surface water temperature (^oC), transparency (cm), dissolved oxygen (mgl^-1), pH, total alkalinity (mgl^-1) and ammonia (mgl^-1) were weekly monitored at intervals between 8.30 to 9.30 am using a Celsius thermometer, a Secchi-disk, a portable dissolved oxygen meter (HI 9142, Hanna Instruments, Portugal), a portable pH meter (HI 8424, Hanna Instruments, Portugal) and a portable ammonia test kit (Hanna), respectively. Total alkalinity was determined following the titrimetric method according to the standard procedure and methods. Plankton population: Plankton from the nursery ponds was collected in every week for quantitative and qualitative estimation. Ten liters water samples was collected from each replicate experimental ponds and then filtered through bolting silk plankton net (25 μm) to obtain a 50 ml sample. The collected samples were preserved immediately with 5% buffered formalin. Plankton was expressed as cells per liter of water of each pond. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of phytoplankton and zooplankton was done respectively. Harvesting of fingerlings: After 8 weeks of nursing, H. fossilis fingerlings were harvested by dewatering the nursery ponds. The harvested fingerlings were counted for estimated survival rate as well as production and at least 75 fingerlings individually weighted to assess final growth in terms of length and weight, specific growth rate (SGR %day) and feed conservation ratio (FCR). Specific growth rate (SGR %day) and feed utilization efficiency were calculated. Data analysis: The final data were expressed as mean value of Standard deviation (SD) and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Percentage data were arcsine transformed before analysis of variance. Duncan’s multiple range tests were analyzed among different group means. Significance was assigned at the 5% level (P<0.05). All statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version-11.5.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2(3): 81-86, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth, survival, production and net benefits of Shing (H. fossilis) fingerlings were inversely related to the stocking densities of fry in the experimental nursery ponds. In all respects, 2 million fry ha^-1 was the highest performances than those obtained at higher stocking rates. However, stocking density of 2 million fry ha^-1 may be suggested for rearing of Shing (H. fossilis) fingerlings over 8 weeks in single stage nursing rearing system in northern region of Bangladesh.

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