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Present Status of Fish Diseases and Economic Losses Due to Incidence of Disease in Rural Freshwater Aquaculture of Bangladesh

N. BAGUM
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

S. Dey
Aquatic Animal Health Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751 002, India

M.H. KHAN
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

M.S. MONIR
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Head Quarters, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out to know the present status of fish diseases and economic losses due to incidence of disease in three districts of Bangladesh namely Mymensingh, Sylhet and Rajshahi during the period from March 2010 to June 2013 using questionnaire interview and focus group discussion (FGD). A total of 300 fish farmers were interviewed and twenty FGD sessions were conducted. The most prevalent symptoms of diseases as reported by the farmers were Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) (31.33%), red spot (21.33%), fin/gill rot (16.7%), grayish white spot (6%), parasites (external) (5%), gulping for air (4%) and dropsy (4%). The average prevalence of fish diseases was highest (27.0%) in Rajshahi followed by Mymensingh (24.6%) and Sylhet (18.3%) districts. The overall average prevalence of fish diseases was found 22%. About 76.70% diseases were reported mainly in winter season and highest number of farmers (27.33%) used lime and salt to treat fishes. The average disease control cost as high as BDT 3,688 ha^-1 yr^-1 was in Mymensingh district followed by Rajshahi BDT 3,449 ha^-1 yr^-1 and Sylhet BDT 3,243 ha^-1 yr^-1. The overall average disease control cost was BDT 3,460 ha^-1 yr^-1. It was found that the highest average economic loss was BDT 30,023 ha^-1 yr^-1 (14.4%) in Rajshahi and the lowest BDT 20,390 ha^-1 yr^-1 (10.8%) in Mymensingh district. The present study indicated that the overall average economic loss due to fish diseases was BDT 24,870 ha^-1 yr^-1 (12.9%). Hence, management of such fish disease should be given top priority to save the freshwater aquaculture industry from huge economic loss.

Keywords: Fish disease, Economic losses, Freshwater aquaculture

Location: Mymensingh, Rajshahi and Sylhet

Start Date: 00-03-2010

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To know the present status of fish health and approximate economic losses due to disease out-break in fish farms.

Methodology:

Selection of study area: The study was conducted in three selected districts of Bangladesh viz., Mymensingh, Rajshahi and Sylhet due to abundance of fish resources. Data collection and sampling: A combination of participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods was used for data collection. Data were collected from March 2010 to December 2013. A traditional survey method of direct interview from the selected fish farmers was followed, using pre-tested questionnaire. After collecting primary data, focus group discussion with farmers and cross-check interviews with key informants were carried out to justify the previously collected data. A total of 300 farmers having different farm size were interviewed. Category of fish farmers on the basis of farm size such as, small (<0.3 ha), medium (0.3-0.5 ha) and large (>0.5 ha) in the study area. Data analysis: The data from the questionnaire were grouped and categorized according to the different fish farmers. The whole data were processed by the MS Excel program and in the tabular from in the computer. Mainly the tabular and graphical methods were used for analyzing the data.

Source of Information: J. Innov. Dev. Strategy 7(3):48-53, December 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Assessing the impacts of disease in aquaculture system is not easy, as only acute losses are recognized and quantified. Chronic mortalities and poor growth caused by disease are generally not recognized. In order to quantify disease losses, farmers should be able to identify disease as the reason for crop loss, slow growth or poor harvest. Rural farmers are mostly resource poor with little or no knowledge of health management and have inadequate opportunities to improve management skills. Therefore, it is important to train farmers to carry out field-level diagnosis and assess the likely impacts of diseases.

Knowledge Management: Journal