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Effects of Duckweed (lemna Minor) as Dietary Fishmeal Substitute for Silver Barb (bar Bodes Gonionotus Bleeker)

J. Noor
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

K.M. Azimuddin
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.M.Bari
Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A 60-day long growth trial was conducted to evaluate the suitability of duckweed Lemna minor as dietary fish meal substitute for silver barb (B. gonionotus Bleeker). Five iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated to contain 35% protein and each treatment had three replicates with 15 fish in each aquarium with a mean initial weight of 1.5 ± 0.2 g. Duckweed was used in the experiment to replace 10, 20, 30 and 35% of the dietary fish meal in diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Fish meal was used' as the sole source of protein in control diet (Diet 1). Fish were fed three times daily at satiation level. In terms of growth, food conversion and protein utilization, the control diet and diet containing 17.07% duckweed showed the best (P<0.05) performance follow~d by diets containing 34.14%, 51.21% and 59.24% duckweed. Fish fed diets containing higher levels of duckweed had higher carcass moisture and lower lipid content compared to the control diet. Histopathological examination revealed abnormalities in the liver of fish fed diets containing higher inclusion of duckweed. It was noted that 10% of the dietary fish meal protein could be replaced by duckweed (L. minor) in the diet of silver barb (B. gonionotus).

Keywords: B. gonionotus, Duckweed, Fish meal

Location: Faculty of Fisheries at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Campus, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1997

End Date: 00-00-1997

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To evaluate the suitability of duckweed as dietary fishmeal substitute for silver barb (B. gonionotus) fingerlings.

Methodology:

A static indoor rearing system was used for the growth trial. Rectangular glass aquaria of 55 L capacity containing about 50 L of water was used as experimental tanks. Tap water was supplied in the aquaria during the experimental period and aeration was provided to maintain the adequate oxygen level. Induced bred fingerlings of silver barb (B. gonionotus) were obtained from a stocking pond adjacent to the Faculty of Fisheries at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Campus, Mymensingh. Prior to the start of the experiments, the fingerlings were acclimated to the laboratory condition for seven days. Five iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated to contain 35% protein to evaluate duckweed (L. minor) as dietary fish meal substitute for silver barb (B. gonionotus). The fish meal was prepared in the laboratory by grinding small dry fishes of mixed origin and seived to pass through 0.5 mm mesh. Duckweed were collected locally from a fish pond in a village adjacent to BA U campus. After collection, duckweed were dried in the sun and ground into powder to pass through a 0.5 mm seive. Before formulating the test diets, all the ingredients were subjected to proximate analysis and the results are presented in Table 1. Then the various ingredients were mixed together in required quantities according to formulations. The uniform sized fingerlings of silver barb were randomly distributed at the rate of 15 fish in each replicate with initial mean weight of 15±0.02 g. The fish were fed at satiation level with the formulated diets three times daily at 4 hourly intervals between 09.00 and 17.00 hours. In order to maintain good water quality, about half of the water in each tank was changed every day throughout the experimental period. Faeces were collected during the last two weeks of the experimental period for the study of protein digestibility of diet. Water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were monitored weekly and the ranges were: temperature 27-30°C, dissolved oxygen 6.2- 8.3 mg/1 and pH 6.8- 7.8. Feed ingredients, experimental diets and fish sample were analysed for their proximate composition (Horwitz 1980). The chromic oxide content of the experimental diet and faeces was determined. The histological study of different organs were done according to the procedure and methods described. Specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (%), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) and apparent net protein digestibility (APD%) were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (Duncan 1955) to test the significance of variation among the treatment means.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish., 4( 1 ): 35-42, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering the findings of this study and the availability, cost and abundance of duckweed in Bangladesh, it may be used as an alternative protein source for silver barb but the inclusion level should not exceed 20% duckweed on dry matter basis.

Knowledge Management: Journal