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Genetic Diversity in Local Boro Rice Genotypes of Bangladesh

Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Mohammad Khalequzzaman
Chief Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Mohammad Zahidul Islam
Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Meer Sharfuddin Ahmed
Senior Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Ebna Syod Md. Harunur Rashid
Scientific Officer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D² statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, D2 analysis, Cluster analysis, Rice (Oryza sativa L)

Location: Genetic Resources and Seed Division (GRSD)

Start Date: 15-11-2011

End Date: 30-03-2012

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in 40 traditional Boro rice genotypes. This will help in classifying those into clusters to select genotypes as prospective parents to develop transgressive segregants which will be ultimately used for developing modern variety.

Methodology:

Forty boro rice genotypes selected from the germplasm bank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur were grown under irrigated condition (boro) in 2011-12. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Thirty days-old seedlings from each entry were transplanted using single seedling per hill in 2.4 m² plot following 25 cm and 20 cm space between rows and plants, respectively. Fertilizers were applied @ 80:60:40: 12 kg N, P, K and S per hectare. All the fertilizers except N were applied at final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits, at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), at 35 DAT and just before flowering. Intercultural operations and pest control measures were done as and when necessary. Ten hills from each entry were randomly selected for recording data on flag leaf length (cm), flag leaf width (mm), plant height (cm), days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle/hill (no.), panicle length (cm), grain length (mm), grain breadth (mm), length-breadth ratio, 1000 grain weight (g), filled grains/panicle (no.), unfilled grains/panicle (no.) and yield/hill (g). Grain yield (g/hill) was taken and adjusted at 14% moisture level. The data were analyzed following principal component analysis (PCA) and Mahalanobis's (1936) generalized distance (D²) extended by Rao (1952). Intra and inter cluster distances were calculated by the methods of Singh and Chaudhary (1985). All statistical analysis were carried out using Genstat 5.5.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics,(2013): Volume: 26, Issue: 1, Pages:19-24, ISSN:1026-3071

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Forty genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The highest intra cluster value was 0.6327 and the highest inter-cluster value was 36.45 indicated the variability in the germplasm of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were low for all clusters ranged from 0.5306 in cluster IV to 0.6327 in cluster III indicated homogeneous nature of the genotypes within the clusters. Cluster II produced the highest inter-cluster distances with others suggesting wide diversity of the genotype within cluster II with the genotypes of other clusters and the genotypes in these clusters could be used as parents in hybridization program for getting transgressive segregants. Maximum good characters were accumulated in cluster IV resulted higher yield. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.

Knowledge Management: Journal