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Impact of Climate Change on Rice Insect Pests and Their Natural Enemies.

Nur Ahmed
CSO (C.C)
Head, Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Björn Holmquist
Professor
Department of Statistics Lund University, Lund Sweden

Sultana Nasrin
Researcher
Department of Statistics Lund University, Lund Sweden

M Panna Ali
SSO
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

M Nazmul Bari
SSO
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Mahfuj Ara Begum
SSO
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Nadira Afsana
SO (Ex.)
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

M Fazle Rabbi
CSO (Ex.)
Entomology Division BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Global warming is predicted to increase frequency of precipitation, intensity of drought and radiation which might affect the intensity and severity of rice pests in one hand, but also change in other friendly arthropods on the other hand. The present studies discuss the influence of climatic factors (temperature and rainfall) on YSB, BPH, GLH and their natural enemies (spider, LBB, GMB). Light trap and sweep net catches of arthropods from different rice habitats were used in this study. There is a general increasing trend over the ten years seems to be present in the GLH. This corresponds to that the abundance in 2005 is generally 15 times larger than in January 1996. For LBB, there is an increasing trend of log abundance of LBB over time and shows a strong periodicity at 3 months and a somewhat weaker periodicity at 4 months followed by an even weaker periodicity at about 6 months. For Spider there is a strong periodicity at 2.4 months and a somewhat weaker periodicity at 4 months followed by an even weaker periodicity at about 3 months and 6 months. Results show an increase of maximum temperature of approximately 0.5 to 1°C over 10 years.

Keywords: Weather variable, BPH, YSB, GLH, GMB, Rice

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-01-1996

End Date: 31-12-2005

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases and insects

Objectives:

The present studies discuss the influence of climatic factors (temperature and rainfall) on yellow stem borer (YSB), brown planthopper (BPH), green leafhopper (GLH) and their natural enemies (spider, lady bird beetle, green mirid bug).

Methodology:

Light attracted rice arthropods (e.g. insects and predators) were collected from light trap. The light trap device was permanently set up at the rice farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur (24°0'0″N, 90°25'48″E). A 100 WATT white fluorescent bulb was set up for lighting and it was put on from dusk to dawn. Then next morning, dead/killed arthropods were collected and counted under magnifying glass (10 x) at the Laboratory of Entomology Division. To kill the arthropods insecticides were sprayed in the metal box which set up under the trap. The monthly pooled number of insect was analyzed and month number was indicated as 1, 2, 3, 4 and so on. In the present study, three rice insect pests namely, yellow stem borer (YSB), brown planthopper (BPH), Green leafhopper (GLH) and one predator- green mirid bug (GMB) were analyzed. Also, rice insect pests GLH and natural enemies- lady bird beetles (LBB) and spiders were collected by 100 complete hand sweep-net (double stroke) from three rice ecosystems (Rice field, either rain-fed or irrigated, seedbed and Ratoon-regenerated rice plant from left over portion of rice plant after harvest) thorough out the year on weekly basis, also depend on availability of these three ecosystems during sampling (but note this, those ecosystems should be available otherwise not taken). Week number was denoted after Lewis and Taylor (1967). Furthermore, rainfall (mm), temperature (maximum and minimum in °C), sunshine hours (h) and radiation ((Mj/m²) were recorded and data were collected from nearest weather station or weather station at the BRRI Farm, Gazipur. A ten (10) years data were collected during January 1996 to December 2005.

Source of Information: International Conference on Climate Change Impact and Adaptation (I3CIA-2013) held on 14-16 November 2013. Center for Climate Change and Sustainability Research (3CSR), Department of Civil Engineering, DUET, Gazipur, Bangladesh, pp. 245-255

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Different insect pests and natural enemies show different types and numbers of peak abundance per year over 10 year time span although the time span is not a sufficient range. This peak or abundance depends on arthropods life cycle, number of generation per year and other ecological factors. Interestingly, present results show different peaks compare to previous light trap/survey recorded peaks by BRRI.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings