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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Parental Lines for Hybrid Development in Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

Dr. Md. Jamil hasan
Principal Scientific Officer
Hybrid Rice Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701

Umma Kulsum
Scientific Officer
Hybrid Rice Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic divergence of 40 parental lines comprising 30 restorer and 10 maintainer lines were studied through Mohalanobis's D² Genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Cluster V comprised maximum number of genotypes (thirteen) followed by cluster I and II. The inter-cluster distance was maximum between clusters I and V (13.495) indicating wide genetic diversity between these two clusters. The minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster III (3.034) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire five clusters was more or less low which indicated that the genotypes within the same cluster were closely related. Among the characters panicle weight contributed most for divergence in the studied parental lines. Difference in cluster means existed for almost all the characters studied. Highest mean value for number of effective tillers (7.8), days to 50% flowering (95.5), panicles/m² (192.6), panicle weight (2.9), spikelet fertility (84.8), number of grains/panicle (177.8), days to maturity (123.6), and grain yield/plot (1065.5) were observed in cluster I indicated the parental lines fallen in this cluster having the genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.

Keywords: Rice, Parental lines, Genetic divergence

Location: BRRI HQ, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-12-2010

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The study was conducted to estimate the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence and characters contributing to the genetic divergence of 40 parental lines of hybrid rice. This study will help select more distantly related restorer as well as maintainer lines for using in crossing programme and ultimately help develop more heterotic hybrid rice varieties in local conditions.

Methodology:

Forty parental lines were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur during July to December 2010.The whole experimental area was divided into three blocks, representing three replications. Adequate soil fertility was ensured by applying additional quantities of Urea- TSP-MP- Gypsum- ZnSO₄ @ 150-100-70-60-10 kg/ha, respectively. Total TSP, MP, Gypsum, and ZnSO₄ were applied in final land preparation. Total Urea was applied in three installments at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), 30 DAT, and 45 DAT. Twenty one days old seedlings of parental lines were transplanted in separate strips with spacing of 15 x 15 cm between plants and 20 x 20 cm between rows. Necessary intercultural operation was made during cropping period for proper growth and development of the plants. Data were collected from 10 randomly selected hills of each parental line on individual plant basis for plant height, number of effective tillers per hill, days to 50% flowering, flag leaf length, number of panicles/m², panicle weight, spikelet fertility, number of grains per panicles, days to maturity, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plot. Mean data of each character was subjected to multivariate analysis viz, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis, and Canonical Variate Analysis using GENSTAT 513 (Mahalanobis, 1936; Digby et al., 1989 and Jager et al., 1983).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 37(4): 617-624, December 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 15000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 15000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The performance and heterosis of hybrids are associated with genetic divergence between their parental lines. Diverse genetic origin between the parental lines enhances possibility for maximum heterosis. Selection of parental lines based on diversity will help making promising test hybrid development and upon seed production feasibility, potential rice hybrid will come out for commercial exploitation.

Knowledge Management: Journal