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Chemical Composition of Some Medicinal Plant Products of Indigenous Origin

S. Bhowmik
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. D. Chowdhury
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. H. Kabir
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Ali
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Chemical compositions of leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), sajna (Moringa oleifera), arjun (Terminalia arjuna), tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), turmeric (Curcuma longa); rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric; fruits of amla (Emblica officinalis), haritaki (Terminalia chebula), bohera (Terminalia belerica) and bulbs of garlic (Allium sativum) of indigenous origin were determined. Proximate and mineral components [Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn)] were determined. Dry matter (DM) varied from 964g/kg in arjun leaves to 892g/kg in tulsi leaves. Sajna leaves were high in protein (240g/kg), whereas haritaki fruits were low (34g/kg). Highest amount of ether extract (EE) was found in turmeric rhizomes and the lowest in amla fruits. The crude fibre (CF) ranged from 134 g/kg in turmeric leaves to 7g/kg in garlic bulbs. Highest amounts of ash were found in tulsi leaves (136g/kg), whereas haritaki had 42g/kg. All the plant products had high Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE) and haritaki ranked the highest. Neem leaves contained the highest amount of Ca and Mg. Fruits had lower amounts of P than other products. K content ranged between 8510 ppm in turmeric leaves and 4190 ppm in arjun leaves. Tulsi leaves contain higher amounts of Na, whereas arjun leaves contained less. Tulsi leaves contain higher amount of Cu and Zn than other plant products. The Mn content ranged from 17 ppm in ginger to 780 ppm in garlic bulbs. Only sajna and neem leaves are considered as fair sources of protein. Such ingredients may be considered as good sources of Ca and Mg.

Keywords: Chemical composition, Medicinal plant products, Indigenous origin

Location: Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

1. Although, the medicinal properties of these plant products are well recognized, data with regard to their chemical composition are scanty. It is necessary to evaluate the chemical composition of those plants in addition to their components that promote health care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proximate (DM, CP, CF, EE ash and NFE) and mineral compositions (Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn) of selected medicinal plant products.

Methodology:

Collection of sample - The leaves of neem, arjun, and turmeric were collected from trees grown at the university campus. The leaves of sajna and tulsi and the rhizomes of turmeric, ginger and bulbs of garlic were collected from the local market of Brahmanbaria district. Bohera, amla and haritaki fruits were collected from Kamal Ranjit Market of the campus. Preparation of samples - After collection, the leaves were sun-dried and ground with a hand grinder. The rhizomes and bulbs were sliced, sun-dried and ground. The kernels of fruits were removed, sun-dried and ground. Analytical methods - The proximate analysis was carried out for each sample in triplicate for DM, CP, Crude Fat, CF, ash and NFE according to the Official Methods of Analysis. Ca, P, Na and K concentrations were measured following the methods of Jackson. Mg concentrations were estimated by following methods as described by Page et al. (1982). Determination of Mn, Cu and Zn was done. Statistical analysis - Means and standard deviations were calculated for three independent determinations for each variable.

Source of Information: The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2008) 25(1) : 32 – 39

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Reports on mineral composition of medicinal plant products are lacking. It is not possible to relate the results with others. The data generated may be useful in exploring medicinal properties of individual plant products. The next steps would be to determine the active principles of these medicinal plant products and to conduct feeding trials with the objective of exploiting their potential benefit on health and production.

Knowledge Management: Journal