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Effect of Border Crops on the Incidence of Insect Pests in Chickpea

Niaz Md. Farhat Rahman
SSO
Agricultural Statistics Division, BRRI

Tonima Farhat

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The primary objective of this study is to measure the effect of border crops on the incidence of insect pests and predators in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), commonly known as gram. The present study was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh during the period from December, 2011 to April, 2012. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using eight treatments with three replications. The treatments were T₁: Gram sole (control), T₂: Gram + Onion (Allium cepa), T₃: Gram + Garlic (Allium sativum L.), T₄: Gram + Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), T₅: Gram + Radhuni (Coriandrum spp.), T₆: Gram + Mustard (Brassica spp.), T₇: Gram + Methi (Trigonella foenumgraecum) and T₈: Gram + Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Aphid, whitefly, butterfly, grasshopper, cutworm were found as the insect pests and lady bird beetle, ant, spider, syrphid fly, rove beetle were found as predators in gram agroecosystem. The lowest population of ap hid (4.28/plant), butterfly (1.00/plot), grasshopper (1.33/plant), whitefly (2.00/plant), cutworm (0.00/plot) was found in T₃ (Gram border cropping with garlic) at vegetative stage. At reproductive stage, similar trend of insect pests’ incidence was found in T₃ treatment. Garlic was found to be more effective as border crop for the management of insect pests of gram.

Keywords: Chickpea (BARI Chola 2), Insect pest and Border crops

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2010

End Date: 00-04-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

The primary objective of this study is to measure the effect of border crops on the incidence of insect pests and predators in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), commonly known as gram.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from December, 2010 to April, 2011. Seeds of gram variety BARI chola 2 were used as a test crop for the study and the seeds of this variety were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. BARI chola 2 is a spreading type plant and can be easily grown in minimum or shading light. In this experiment onion (Allium cepa), garlic (Allium sativum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), radhuni (Coriandrum spp.), mustard (Brassica campestris), Methi (Trigonella foenumgraecum ) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were sown as border crop with gram. The land was prepared with the help of a power tiller and prepared by three successive ploughing and cross-ploughing. Each ploughing was followed by laddering to have a desirable fine tilth. The visible larger clods were hammered to break into small pieces. All kinds of weeds and residues of previous crop were removed from the field. Individual plots (size, no, distance between plot etc.) were cleaned and finally leveled with the help of wooden plank. Standard doses of fertilizers urea 1kg, triple super phosphate 2.0kg, Muriate of Potash (MP), 1.0 kg, Gypsum 1.0 kg and cowdung 100.0 kg were applied as basal dose at the time of sowing seeds. The seeds of main and border crop were sown in rows with spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm for all border crops but in sole crops it was sown at a spacing of 40 cm × 30 cm. There were 8 treatments among them 01 was used as sole crop and others with border crop. The details of the treatments are presented below: T₁: Gram sole (control), T₂: Gram + Onion, T₃: Gram + Garlic, T₄: Gram + Coriander, T₅: Gram + Radhuni, T₆: Gram + Mustard, T₇: Gram + Methi and T₈: Gram + Wheat. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The treatments were randomly allotted in each block. The unit plot size was 3.0m × 3.0m with a distance of 1.0 m between the plots and 1.0 m between the replications. The data were collected from each plot at weekly interval commencing from germination to harvest. Five plants were selected randomly from each plot and insect pests infested plant by aphid (plate4), whitefly, butterfly, grasshopper (plate7) and cutworm (plate5) were observed regularly and recorded. After last observation, the population of aphid, whitefly and grasshopper was converted number per plant and that was butterfly and cutworms were converted per plot. The data obtained for different characters were statistically analyzed to find out the significant difference among the treatments. The mean values of all the characters were evaluated and analysis of variance was done by the ‘F’ (variance ratio) test. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probabilit.

Source of Information: IJISET - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 1 Issue 10, December 2014.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Significant variation of insect population was observed on gram under different border crop treatments at vegetative and reproductive stage. Aphid, whitefly, butterfly, grasshopper and cutworm were found as the insect pests attacking on gram. The population abundance of aphid (4.28/plant), butterfly (1.00/plant), grasshopper (1.33/plant), whitefly (2.00/plant) and cutworm (0.00/plot) was found lowest in T₃ (Gram border cropping with garlic) at vegetative stage. Similar trend of population abundance of different insect pests was also observed during reproductive stage of the gram. However, aphid population was found highest in T₈ (Gram border cropping with mustard) at both stage of gram and the whitefly population was observed maximum in T₆ (Gram border cropping with wheat). The population incidence of all the insect pests was higher in sole crops (Gram) at vegetative and reproductive stages of the crops. Based on the result of the study it may conclude that garlic is the best border crop against pest population of gram.

Knowledge Management: Journal