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Participatory Variety Selection in Wheat and Its Impact on Scaling-up Seed Dissemination and Varietal Diversity

D. B. PANDIT
Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. M. ISLAM
Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. HARUN-UR-RASHID
Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. A. SUFIAN
Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Nashipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Participatory selection was conducted at the Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Dinajpur to facilitate farmers in selecting and disseminating their preferable variety and replace widely cultivated disease susceptible Kanchan to increase wheat yield and production. Farmers’ need for wheat variety was identified through participatory rural appraisal in 2002 and impacts were assessed by house hold level survey in 2005. Researches were conducted as mother and baby trials. Scaling-up seed dissemination was carried out through seed supply. BAW1008, Shatabdi, and BAW 1006 produced higher yield in both mother and baby trials and got higher scores for farmers’ overall preference. The farmers emphasized on yield together with bold and white grains, more grains/spike, strong stem and other characters during scoring. They identified BAW 966, BAW 1006, BAW 1008, and Shatabdi for good Chapati quality. They expected to cultivate BAW1008, Shatabdi, and BAW 1006 in the following years. Farmer to farmer seed dissemination was highly satisfactory and seeds of Shatabdi reached 47% wheat farmers of the villages in 2004-05. Varietal diversity was increased remarkably and seven varieties were grown in the study villages. The area of Kanchan came down from 100% (in 2002-03) to 24% (in 2005-06). The participating personnel were hopeful to the new concept of plant breeding and expecting its widespread use in the country.

Keywords: Wheat, Participatory variety selection, Mother trial , Baby trial , Seed dissemination, Varietal diversity

Location: Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Non-commodity: Adoption of technology

Objectives:

To identify farmer-acceptable varieties and thereby overcome the constraints that cause farmers to grow old or obsolete varieties.

Methodology:

The experiments were conduced in greater Dinajpur, the major wheat growing district and covering about 21% wheat areas of the country. The climate of the district is suitable for wheat cultivation due to its comparatively cool and long winter. But, the soil is sandy-loam and reaction is strongly acidic (pH ranges from 4.5 to 5.5). Fertility of the soil is poor and organic matter contents is <1.0%. The soil is already deficient in N, P, K, S, B, and Zn and becoming deficient in Mo and Mg. Experiments were conducted at two villages in 2002-03. One more village was added in 2003-04. There were three MT in 2002-03 and two MT in 2003-04 and 2004-05 per village. There was one MT at on-station every year with 3 replications. Eight genotypes including Kanchan as a check variety were tested in MT. Released variety Shatabdi was tested in first two years. Each MT at farmer’s field was considered as a single dispersed replication; therefore, there was different randomization. Impact assessment data were collected from 30 farmers from each of the three villages by the members. The criteria for selecting 30 farmers were as follows: 1. ten farmers were from PVS research collaborators; 2. ten farmers were not PVS research collaborators but got training/demonstration on wheat; 3. the rest 10 farmers were new to the researchers and did not get any training/demonstration. There were 5-8 female in the group of 30 selected farmers. The farmers were randomly selected irrespective of wealth, religion, and caste. The data of those entries were analyzed by RCB design combined over years. The data of 2004-05 were analyzed in RCB design. Baby trials data were tested by two-tailed paired t-test. Survey data were compiled in Excel sheet. Adoption data of varieties were converted into percentage. Impacts were estimated by the difference of two survey data. Some survey data were analyzed by Chi-square test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(3) : 473-486, September 2007, ISSN 0258 - 7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of PVS research in Dinajpur, Bangladesh indicated that BAW 1008, Shatabdi, and BAW 1006 consistently produced higher yields both in mother and baby trials. These genotypes also got high farmers’ overall preference (FOP) scores. They had better Chapati quality and farmers expressed their opinion to cultivate those in the following years. Baby trial was found equally effective to mother trial but that was much easy to conduct and less expensive to execute. Farmers’ emphasized more on simultaneous selection rather than empirical selection on yield only. Farmers’ selected varieties were extending very rapidly and increasing varietal diversity. Farmers to farmers seed transfer was found very effective in scaling-up seed transfer and increase varietal diversity.

Knowledge Management: Journal