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The Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels and Enrichment Co2 on the Nutrient Contents of Rice Cultivars

M. A. Razzaque
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal

M. M. Haque
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Q. A. Khaliq
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

A. R. M. Solaiman
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted during the July -December of 2003 to determine the nutrient compositions of rice under CO₂ enrichment of different levels of nitrogen supply. Rice plants were grown from seedlings to maturity inside open top chamber under elevated CO₂ (570 ±50) ppm, ambient CO₂ (~360ppm) and open field condition. Leaves and root were analyzed for C, N, Zn and Mg. C content was higher in the all plant parts of rice grown at elevated CO₂ compare than ambient CO₂ and field grown rice. Increased N supplies also increase C content of the plants. Nitrogen concentration was reduced in elevated CO₂ compare than other grown condition. Modern variety (BRRI dhan39) contained higher C than local cultivars (Khaskani and Shakkorkhora). Nitrogen concentration was decreased under elevated CO₂ compare to other treatments.

Keywords: Rice cultivars, Enrichment CO2, C, N, Zn, Mg

Location: Bangbandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

The experiment was under taken with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on partitioning of essential nutrients in rice and the effect of nutritional balance was modified in plants grown under different CO₂ concentrations.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was conducted at Bangbandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during rainy season of 2003. Soil physical and chemical properties were presented in Table V. The experiment was conducted in complete randomized block design (CRD). Three rice varieties were grown with three levels of nitrogen fertilizer under three CO₂ conditions. The rice varieties were BRRI dhan39 (modern), Khaskani (local) and Shakkorkhora (local). Three levels of nitrogen fertilizer were optimum dose, supra optimum dose and control (no nitrogen). Optimum dose for modern variety was 90 kg N ha-1 and for local 60 kg N ha-1. Supra optimum dose for modern and local variety was 135 kg N ha-1 and 90 kg N ha-1 respectively which was 1.5 time higher than their optimum dose. Three growing conditions with CO₂ were elevated CO₂, ambient CO₂ and open field. Crop under the 'elevated CO₂' was grown in open top chamber (OTC) at a CO₂concentration of 570 ± 50 ppm, while the 'ambient CO₂' treatment was maintained at the ambient CO₂ concentration of ~360 ppm in OTC. The 'open' treatment contained crop grown under open field condition at ambient CO₂ concentration. It is made of an iron frame of 3m in diameter and 3m in height. It was installed on the ground and covered with transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet. The top of the chamber was open to ensure near natural conditions. The CO₂ gas was supplied to the chamber from gas cylinder using a manifold gas regulator, pressure gauge and underground pipeline for using natural air with the help of a blower. The blower 30cm diameter thoroughly mixes with the supplied CO₂ gas with atmospheric air and blew to the chamber. The rice plants were grown in plastic pots containing approximately 12kg clayed soil. The treatments were replicated thrice and each pot had one seedling. Thirty - days old seedling in each variety were planted on August 2, 2003. Except N a fertilizer doses of 20 kg P, 60 kg K 20 kg S and 3.5 kg Zn per ha was applied (source of NPKSZn from urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, Gypsum and Zinc sulphate) prior to transplanting, while N was applied in three installment at the time of 4, 21 and 52 days after transplanting. The source of N from urea. Several cultural practice were done as and when necessary. Standing water of 2 cm above the soil was maintained until the crops attained hard dough stage. The concentration of CO₂ in the chamber was monitored using infrared gas analyzer (Model LI 6200, Licon, Lincoln, USA). BRRIdhan 39 harvested 16 November, Khaskani Harvested 30 December and Shakkorkhora harvested 15 December of 2003. After harvesting root of the plants was removed by washing the soil of the pots without disrupting the small branches of the roots. Each plant was separated into leaves, stem, roots and yield and dried at 70^OC for 72 hours. Dry mass of plants parts was recorded by electronic balance (AND, Counting, FX-300).Zn and Mg estimation Samples were taken and digested using mixture of HNO₃ and HCLO₄ (9:4) according to Bhargava and Raghupathi (1993). The digested material was used for the estimation of Mg and Zn and were determined in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Hitachi 170 -30, Japan). For estimation of nutrient plant samples were mixed together and then required amount was weighed in triplicate. The data were analyzed by partitioning the total variance with the help of computer using MSTATC program. The treatment means computed using Duncans Multiple Range test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(2), 241-246, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Elevated CO₂ increased carbon content but decreased nitrogen content in all the rice cultivars. Nitrogen was used photosynthesis as a result low nitrogen remains in rice plants. Higher nitrogen increased magnesium content in leaf and root which enhanced plant growth.

Knowledge Management: Journal