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Genetic Variability and Character Association in Some Native Orchid Species (dendrobium Spp.)

M. Moniruzzaman
Floriculture Division, BARI, Gazipur,

M. A. Zaman
PRS, BARI, Gazipur

M. Earshad Hossain
Janata Bank, Dhaka

M. M. H. Bhuiyan
RARS, BARI,Jessore

M. Z. Rahman
HRC, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out using 20 native Dendrobium orchids in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at the Orchidarium of Landscape, Ornamental and Floriculture Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur during the period January 2007 to June 2007 to estimate genetic variability, genetic parameters and correlation coefficient among different flower components. Highly significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the characters. High broad sense heritability with high genetic advance was observed in spike length (94.00% and 98.29), rachis length (95.34% and 93.85), flower durability (94.00% and 89.00) and floret number (70.50% and 65.47) indicating additive gene action, suggesting the possibility of improvement of these traits through selection. Other characters exhibited moderate broad sense heritability with low genetic advance. The number of florets per spike recorded a highly significant association with flower durability, rachis length and spike length. Durability of flower had significant positive correlation with rachis length, flower size and spike length at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Highly significant positive correlation was also found between rachis length and spike length. However, the correlation study revealed that selection of parents should be done based on characters such as floret number, rachis length and flower durability which would be useful in a breeding program. The path analysis revealed that rachis length, durability of flower and number of flowers per spike had contributed maximum direct effects on flower yield, indicating the importance of these three characters as selection criteria for native Dendrobium orchid.

Keywords: Genetic variability, Heritability, Genetic advance, Dendrobium orchid

Location: Ornamental and Floriculture Division of HRC, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-01-2007

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cactus

Objectives:

To obtain information on genetic parameters as well as character associations especially between flowers and other flower contributing characters in Dendrobium orchids.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out using 20 native Dendrobium orchids in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications at the Orchidarium of Landscape, Ornamental and Floriculture Division of HRC, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during January 2007 to June 2007. One germplasm represented one treatment and each replication included three plants of a germplasm. The orchidarium was facilitated to provide mist irrigation when necessary. Two ponds measuring 28 x 5 x 3 m were established within the orchid house and were kept the pond full of water always to maintain required the humidity in the orchidarium. Major disease incidence and pest infestations were not observed during the study. However, all the plants of 20 native germplasms were given similar cultural treatments throughout the year. Ohio W. P. nutrient solutions were sprayed after 20 days interval. The sources of orchid germplasm are summarized. The genotypic and phenotypic variance was calculated. Estimation of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation was calculated. Heritability in broad sense was estimated. Genetic advance in percent of mean was calculated.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 10 (1): 1-9 (2012) ISSN-1729-5211, A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/11058/8085

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Genetic variability was analyzed to determine the more the more variable characters which might be used in the breeding programme. This study has shown that genotypes should be selected on the basis of spike length, rachis length, flower durability and plant height, because these are the more variable characters among the genotypes. Correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that floret numbers, rachis length, flower durability and number of flowers per spike had maximum direct effect on flower size indicating the importance of these characters as selection criteria for the development of Native Dendrobium orchids.

Knowledge Management: Journal