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Yield and Yield Components of Wheat as Affected by Phosphorus Fertilization

M. S. Alam
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

I. Jahan
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi to study the yield and yield components of wheat as affected by phosphorus fertilization. The experiment consisted of two factors i.e. (i) three wheat varieties viz., Shatabdi, Bijoy and Prodip and (ii) five levels of phosphorus viz. 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 kg P₂O₅ ha-1. A RCBD design was used for the experiment with three replications. The effect of variety was significant on all the yield components and yield except plant height. Prodip gave the highest grain yield (3.67 t ha-1) followed by Bijoy (3.45 t ha-1) and Shatabdi (3.28 t ha-1). Yield and yield components of wheat were significantly influenced by different levels of phosphorus. The highest grain yield (4.47 t ha-1) was recorded from P4 (120 kg P₂O₅ ha-1) and the lowest one (2.43 t ha-1) from the control treatment. The highest grain yield (4.80 t ha-1) was obtained from Prodip at 120 kg P₂O₅ ha-1 and the lowest one (2.3 t ha-1) was found in Shatabdi at control treatment. The results suggest that the combination of V₃P₄ (Prodip with 120 kg P₂O₅ ha-1) is the best for obtaining higher yield of wheat.

Keywords: Variety, Wheat, Phosphorus and yield.

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To study the yield and yield components of wheat varieties as affected by phosphorus fertilization.

Methodology:

The present research work was carried out at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi during November, 2011 to April 2012. The experiment consisted of two factors i.e. (i) three wheat varieties viz. Shatabdi (V1), Bijoy (V2) and Prodip (V3) and (ii) five levels of phosphorus viz. 0 (P0), 30 (P1), 60 (P2), 90 (P3), 120 (P4) kg P2O5 ha- 1. A RCBD design was used for the experiment with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 2m×2m.The experimental land was prepared with tractor drawn disc plough and country plough followed by laddering for breaking the clods and leveling the soil to obtain desirable tilth. Weeds and stubbles were removed. Urea, muriate of potash and gypsum were applied to the plots at the rate of 220, 50, 120 kg ha-1 during the final land preparation. Phosphorus fertilizer was applied as per experimental specification. Nitrogenous fertilizer was applied in two installments; two-thirds at the time of final land preparation and one-third at 27 days after sowing. All the applied fertilizers were thoroughly mixed to the soil. Seeds were sown in 25 cm apart rows opened by specially made an iron hand tine. After sowing the seeds were covered with soil and slightly pressed by hands. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Data on yield and yield components were recorded from ten randomly selected plants in each plot. The data were analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance technique and the mean differences among the treatments were adjudged by new Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez & Gomez, 1984) with the help of MSTAT software.

Source of Information: Rajshahi University journal of life & earth and agricultural sciences, Vol. 41: 21-27, 2013 ISSN 2309-0960

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that Prodip showed better performance for grain yield and yield components of wheat and consequently it produced the highest grain yield. The highest grain yield was obtained when 120 kg P ha-1 was applied. Finally, the results suggest that the combination of V3P4 (Prodip with 120 kg P₂O₅ ha-1) is the best combination for obtaining higher yield of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal