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Water Use and Yield Relations of Chickpea as Influenced by Different Irrigation Levels

A. A. Hassan
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box 4 Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh

A. A. Sarkar
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box 4 Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were conducted in a sandy-loam soil at BINA Sub-station, Ishurdi, Bangladesh, during the winter season of 1991-92 and 1992-93 to study the yield and water use relations of chickpea subjected to varying levels of soil moisture regimes. The irrigation treatments imposed were: no irrigation (control), one irrigation at 25-30 days after sowing (DAS), one irrigation at 25-30 DAS plus later irrigation based on IW /CPE ratios of 0.5 and 0.75, henceforth referred to as T₀, T₁, T₂ and T₃ respectively. Results showed that irrigation had positive response to increase chickpea yield. The highest mean yield (1065 kg/ ha) and water use efficiency (74.68 kg/ha/cm) were obtained with a single irrigation at 25-30 DAS. It was also observed that application of further irrigation gradually decreased yield and water use efficiency, causing the wastage of irrigation water. Therefore, from the experimental result it was revealed that depending on the rainfall and soil moisture condition, one irrigation at 25-30 DAS is sufficient to produce the optimum yield of chickpea at the study area.

Keywords: Days after sowing, Optimum yield, Soil moisture, Chickpea

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Ishurdi

Start Date: 00-11-1992

End Date: 00-04-1993

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

1. To study the effect of irrigation and to quantify the amount of irrigation water requirement for the cultivation of the chickpea mutant to get its optimum yield in the pulse growing area at Ishurdi, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Field experiments were conducted for 2 years (1991-92 and 1992-93) at the research sub-station of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Ishurdi, Bangladesh to findout a suitable irrigation schedule for chickpea cultivation. The soil was sandy loam with field capacity and wilting point moisture of 43% and 18% (by volume), respectively. The pH and bulk density ranged from 6.2 to 7.7 and 1.52 to 1.63 gm cm ^-3, respectively. In the first year, the experiment was conducted with only one variety of chickpea (Hyprosola) in a randomized block design. In the successive year, split-plot design was followed with chickpea mutant G-97 (VI) and variety hyprosola (V2 as check). The experiments were replicated thrice in both cases. The treatments consisted of four different irrigation levels applied in main-plots of 5 m x 6 m and the cultivars in sub-plots of 5 m x 3 m. There were four irrigation treatments including control (without irrigation)and based on different ratio's of IW/CPE where IW is the irrigation water applied, CPE is the cumulative open pan evaporation minus rainfall since the previous irrigation. Before sowing, the experimental plots were fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash at the rate of 15 kg N, 40 kg P₂0₅ and 30 kg K₂0 per hectare, respectively. At sowing, half of the urea dose was applied and the rest half of urea dose was topdressed before flowering. The seeds of chickpea was sown on the third week of November and a row spacing of 50 cm was maintained. The amount of first irrigation was given based on the field soil moisture as well as crop condition and later irrigation was given when the pre-set irrigation schedules for different treatments were reached. Profile soil moisture in the root zone was measured from sowing to harvest as well as before and after each irrigation using neutron moisture meter. The crop water use/crop evapotranspiration (E_t) was calculated by the water balance equation

Source of Information: Thai J Agric. Sci. 32(3) : 349-354, 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experimental result it was revealed that depending on the rainfall and soil moisture condition, one irrigation at 25-30 DAS is sufficient to produce the optimum yield of chickpea at the study area.

Knowledge Management: Journal