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Effect of Salinity on Photosynthesis, Cell Membrane Stability and Water Retention Capacity of Two Soybean Genotypes

M. A. Mannan
Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

M. A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Q. A. Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. A. K. Mian
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

J. U. Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the environmental stress research site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, during November 2008 to March 2009 to study the effect of salinity on photosynthesis, cell membrane stability (CMS) and water retention capacity (WRC) in leaf of two soybean (Glycine max L) genotypes, viz. AGS 313 (relatively salt-tolerant) and Shohag (salt-susceptible). The plants were grown in pots inside a vinyl house with 50 and 100 mM NaCl solutions and tap water as a control. Photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the two genotypes was compared at 10 and 20 days, while CMS and WRC were at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of treatment imposition (TI). A marked difference in leaf photosynthesis rate was observed between the salt treated and control plants. Relative Pn was higher in the tolerant genotype AGS 313 than that of susceptible Shohag. At high level of salinity, Pn in AGS was reduced to only 8 %, while that in Shohag to 30 91) at 20 days of TI. Significant variation in CMS was also found between the two genotypes. The degree of membrane damage was higher in Shohag compared to that in AGS 313 at all growth stages studied. Salinity decreased the WRC significantly in both the soybean genotypes. However, the decreasing rate was higher in Shohag than that in AGS 313.

Keywords: CMS, Photosynthetic rate, Salt tolerance, Soybean, WRC.

Location: Environmental Stress Research Site of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-11-2008

End Date: 00-03-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Soil salinity, Soybean

Objectives:

To analyze salinity induced changes in photosynthesis rate (Pn), cell membrane stability (CMS) and water retention capacity (WRC) at successive growth of two soybean genotypes differing in salinity tolerance.

Methodology:

In a preliminary experiment the genotype AGS 313 was found more salt tolerant in terms of growth than the genotype Shohag. When the 1^st trifoliate appeared, plants of each genotype were grouped and irrigated with 1000 ml of 0, 50 mM and 100 mM NaCI solutions up to 60 days. Salt solutions were prepared artificially by dissolving calculated amount of commercially available NaCI with tap water. The experiment was laid out in complete randomized design with three replications.Tap water was used as the control (0 mM). The salt solution was applied stepwise at an increment of 25 mM in every alternate day till respective concentrations were attained. Uppermost fully developed leaves were collected at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days of treatment imposition (TI) to measure cell membrane stability (CMS) and water retention capacity (WRC). Leaf photosynthesis rate (Pn) was estimated at 10 and 20 days of TI. Four leaves from four separate plants in each treatment were considered for each measurement of the parameters. Photosynthesis (net O₂evolution) was measured with a leaf disc electrode as described CO₂ enriched air (c.a. 5%). Illumination was provided by BjOrkman lamp equipped with neutral density filter. For estimating cell membrane stability (CMS), artificial desiccation was induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) method as proposed. Leaf samples were collected at 15, 30,45 and 60 days of TI. Six leaf discs of 1 cm² diameter were cut from fully expanded uppermost of control and salt-stressed plants using a leaf punch and were put into a 100 ml flask and washed three times with deionized distilled water. For the desiccation treatment, three leaf discs were then submerged in 30 ml of 30% PEG 600 solution and were allowed to stand in the solution for 24 h at 10ºC. Rest three discs were submerged into deionized distilled water for non-desiccated control. The leaf discs were then washed quickly three times with deionized water after 24 hours. For both desiccated and controlled samples, 30 ml of deionized water were added and leaf discs kept again for 24 h at 10ºC. The flask was then warmed to 25ºC, shaken well and the electrical conductivity was measured using the electrical conductivity meter. Following the conductivity measurement, the leaf tissues were killed by autoclaving for 15 min, cooled to 25ºC and the electrical conductivity was measured for the second time.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agronomy Journal, Vol: 13 (1-2), PP: 18-24, 2010, ISSN: 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was concluded that the high salt tolerance of AGS 313 was associated with higher photosynthetic efficiency,CMS and greater WRC when shohag responded with lower tolerance to salinity.

Knowledge Management: Journal